Figure 4.

Effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) pretreatment on adolescent methamphetamine (METH) exposure-induced long-term alterations in emotion, cognition, and behavior in adulthood. Histograms show spontaneous arm alteration (%) in the Y-maze spontaneous alteration test (A), total distance moved in the open field test (OFT) (B), time spent and number of entries in the open arms (%) in the elevated-plus maze (EPM) test (C and D, respectively), sucrose preference (%) and total liquid ingested in the 3rd day of the sucrose preference test (SPT) (E and F, respectively), time spent (%) and latency to first entry in the novel arm in the novel spatial exploration test (G and H, respectively), time spent in the light chamber (%) and number of transitions in the light-dark box test (I and J, respectively), and the sociability scores and social recognition scores in the social interaction assay (K and L, respectively). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM; n = 14/group (A–H, K and L), n = 8/group (I and J); **P < .01 and ***P < .001, compared with the saline × saline group; #P < .05, ##P < .01, ###P < .001 and ####P < .0001, comparison between the 2 indicated groups; 2-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test (A–H, K and L), unpaired t tests (I and J).