Table 2.
Genetic manipulation of exosome release in cancer cells
| Gene | Effect on exosome secretion | Cancer cell type |
|---|---|---|
| RAB27A | Knockdown decreases | Cervical cancer cells (HeLa) [6] Breast cancer cells (4 T1 [44], TS/A [44], and MDA MB 231 [56,75]) Bladder cancer cells (T24 and FL3) [63] Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC61 [56, 76] and mEERL [67]) |
| RAB27B | Knockdown decreases | Cervical cancer cells (HeLa) [6] Bladder cancer cells (T24 and FL3) [63] Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (mEERL) [67] |
| PIKfyve | Knockdown increases | Prostate cancer cells (PC3) [74] |
| Hrs | Knockdown decreases | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC61) [56] |
| Syt7 | Knockdown decreases | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC61) [56] |
| Cortactin | Knockdown increases, overexpression decreases | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC61) [76] |
| STAT3 | Knockdown decreases | Ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR8) [79] |
| PKM2 | Knockdown decreases | Lung (A549) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa) [83] |
| Munc13–4 | Knockdown decreases | Breast cancer cells (MDA MB 231) [96] |
| miR-155 | Knockdown decreases, overexpression increases | Pancreatic cancer cells (Panc1) [101] |
| EGFR | Oncogenic EGFRvIII increases | Glioma cells (U373) [39] |
| Ras | Oncogenic HRas increases | Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-18) [37, 105] |
| hnRNP H1 | Knockdown decreases | Prostate cancer cells (C4-2B) [66] |
| Liver Kinase B1 | Expression restoration increases | Lung cancer cells (H460 and A549) [107] |
| EIF3C | Overexpression increases | Liver cancer cells (PLC5, SNU449 and Huh7) [64] |