Table 1. Univariate and multivariate analyses of overall survival (OS) in the eligible patients.
| Variables | N (%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value | HR [95%CI] | P-value | ||
| Age | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| <60 | 425 (27.8%) | Reference | ||
| ≥60 and <80 | 963 (62.9%) | 1.203 [1.053–1.375] | 0.007 | |
| ≥80 | 142 (9.3%) | 1.530 [1.238–1.891] | <0.001 | |
| Sex | 0.001 | 0.004 | ||
| Male | 855 (55.9%) | Reference | ||
| Female | 675 (44.1%) | 0.845 [0.754–0.947] | ||
| Race | 0.885 | NI | ||
| White | 1283 (83.9%) | |||
| Black | 187 (12.2%) | |||
| Other# | 60 (3.9%) | |||
| Marital status | 0.276 | NI | ||
| Married | 839 (54.8%) | |||
| Unmarried | 691 (45.2%) | |||
| Laterality | 0.289 | NI | ||
| Bilateral | 4 (0.4%) | |||
| Left | 623 (40.3%) | |||
| Right | 903 (59.3%) | |||
| Primary site | <0.001 | 0.443 | ||
| Main bronchus | 64 (4.2%) | Reference | ||
| Upper lobe | 948 (62.0%) | 0.917 [0.700–1.202] | 0.531 | |
| Middle lobe | 82 (5.4%) | 1.118 [0.793–1.577] | 0.524 | |
| Lower lobe | 408 (26.7%) | 0.891 [0.673–1.181] | 0.423 | |
| Overlapping lesion | 28 (1.8%) | 0,836 [0.507–1.377] | 0.482 | |
| Differentiation | <0.001 | 0.322 | ||
| Grade III | 586 (38.3%) | Reference | ||
| Grade IV | 191 (12.5%) | 1.157 [0.957–1.399] | 0.133 | |
| Unknown | 753 (49.2%) | 1.035 [0.909–1.179] | 0.603 | |
| AJCC stage groups 8th edition | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| I | 395 (25.8%) | Reference | ||
| II | 133 (8.7%) | 2.619 [2.027–3.384] | <0.001 | |
| III | 305 (19.9%) | 2.606 [2.083–3.260] | <0.001 | |
| IV | 697 (45.6%) | 4.881 [3.923–6.072] | <0.001 | |
| Surgery | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| No surgery | 908 (59.3%) | Reference | ||
| Segmentectomy/wedge resection | 133 (8.7%) | 0.526 [0.413–0.669] | <0.001 | |
| Lobectomy/Bilobectomy | 425 (27.8%) | 0.357 [0.290–0.440] | <0.001 | |
| Pneumonectomy | 64 (4.2%) | 0.491 [0.355–0.679] | <0.001 | |
| Chemotheray | 0.264 | <0.001 | ||
| No/unknown | 742 (48.5%) | Reference | ||
| Yes | 788 (51.5%) | 0.442 [0.389–0.503] | ||
| Radiation | <0.001 | 0.005 | ||
| No/unknown | 965 (63.1%) | Reference | ||
| Yes | 565 (36.9%) | 0.837 [0.738–0.949] | ||
Notes:
N, number; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence index; NI, not included in the multivariate survival analysis.
#
Other: American Indian/AK Native, Asian/Pacific Islander.