Fig. 2.

Known correlates of protection and viral control. Polyfunctional HIV-specific antibody responses (able to recruit multiple innate immune effector cell populations), higher HIV-specific IgG3 antibodies, unique HIV-specific antibody glycan profiles, and elevated ADCC activity are enriched in both spontaneous controllers and in animals or humans protected from infection. Controllers also exhibit elevated levels of p24-specific antibodies. Additionally, protected vaccinated humans and NHPs harbor elevated V1V2-specific antibodies and antibodies able to drive antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). Finally, while not enriched in naturally protected individuals, the administration of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) can confer protection against infection. Thus, many shared, but some unique humoral profiles, are associated with protection from infection and control of viremia