Table 2.
Treatment Modalitiesa According to Fluoroquinolone Resistance
| Treatment Regimensa | Total MDR TB (n = 129) | FQ-S MDR TB (n = 90) | FQ-R MDR TB (n = 39) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rifabutin | 7 (5.4) | 1 (1.1) | 6 (15.4) | .003 |
| Ethambutol | 25 (19.4) | 19 (21.1) | 6 (15.4) | .450 |
| Pyrazinamide | 77 (59.7) | 62 (68.9) | 15 (38.5) | .001 |
| Fluoroquinolone | ||||
| Levofloxacin | 42 (32.6) | 36 (40.0) | 6 (15.4) | .006 |
| Moxifloxacin | 74 (57.4) | 60 (66.7) | 14 (35.9) | .001 |
| Ofloxacin | 1 (0.8) | 0 | 1 (2.6) | .302 |
| Injectable agents | ||||
| Streptomycin | 21 (16.3) | 15 (16.7) | 6 (15.4) | .856 |
| Kanamycin | 92 (71.3) | 66 (73.3) | 26 (66.7) | .442 |
| Amikacin | 19 (14.7) | 11 (12.2) | 8 (20.5) | .222 |
| Prothionamide | 104 (80.6) | 76 (84.4) | 28 (71.8) | .095 |
| Cycloserine | 115 (89.1) | 83 (92.2) | 32 (82.1) | .122 |
| P-aminosalicylic acid | 58 (45.0) | 37 (41.1) | 21 (53.8) | .182 |
| Clarithromycin | 17 (13.2) | 6 (6.7) | 11 (28.2) | .001 |
| Amoxicillin/clavulanate | 23 (17.8) | 5 (5.6) | 18 (46.2) | <.001 |
| High-dose INH | 4 (3.1) | 0 | 4 (10.3) | .007 |
| Clofazimine | 2 (1.6) | 0 | 2 (5.1) | .090 |
| Linezolid | 27 (20.9) | 7 (7.8) | 20 (51.3) | <.001 |
| Bedaquiline | 16 (12.4) | 8 (8.9) | 8 (20.5) | .083 |
| Delamanind | 9 (7) | 5 (5.6) | 4 (10.3) | .452 |
| No. of drugs used, median (range) | 5 (3–9) | 5 (3–9) | 6 (4–9) | .043 |
| No. of possibly effective drugs, median (range) | 5 (2–7) | 5 (3–7) | 4 (2–7) | <.001 |
| Duration of SLID treatment, median (IQR), mo | 7.8 (4.9–9.2) | 7.1 (4.4–8.3) | 9.9 (6.6–15.8) | <.001 |
| Duration of treatment, median (IQR), mo | 22.6 (19.3–25.7) | 21.8 (18.8–24.8) | 24 (20.3–27.5) | .027 |
| Surgical resection | 15 (11.6) | 4 (4.4) | 11 (28.2) | <.001 |
Data are presented as No. (%) or median (range/interquartile range).
Abbreviations: FQ-R, fluoroquinolone-resistant; FQ-S, fluoroquinolone-sensitive; INH, isoniazid; IQR, interquartile range; MDR TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; SLID, second-line injectable drug.
aOnly TB drugs used from the start of the MDR TB regimen after confirmation of drug sensitivity testing and drugs used for at least 4 weeks were included and analyzed.