Table 2.
Multivariable model results of differences in clinical progression by baseline BMI levels.
| Cognition (MMSE) | Function (FAQ) | Behavior (NPI-Q) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
| Mean scores at baseline (ref = moderate baseline BMI) | ||||||||
| Low baseline BMI | −0.63* (−1.22, −0.04) | −0.81** (−1.40, −0.22) | −0.02 (−1.25, 1.20) | −0.52 (−1.62, 0.58) | −0.30 (−0.88, 0.28) | −0.13 (−0.71, 0.45) | ||
| High baseline BMI | −0.14 (−0.40, 0.12) | 0.02 (−0.25, 0.28) | 0.65*(0.10, 1.20) | 0.41 (−0.10, 0.91) | 0.49*** (0.23, 0.75) | 0.33** (0.07, 0.60) | ||
| Annual progression rate (ref = moderate baseline BMI) | ||||||||
| Low baseline BMI | −0.25 (−0.67, 0.17) | −0.23 (−0.64, 018) | 0.64 (−0.20, 1.47) | 0.33 (−0.31, 0.97) | 0.08 (−0.17, 0.33) | 0.03 (−0.25, 0.30) | ||
| High baseline BMI | 0.15 (−0.03, 0.34) | 0.16 (−0.02, 0.34) | −0.56** (−0.93, −0.18) | −0.30* (−0.58, −0.01) | −0.02 (−0.14, 0.09) | 0.01 (−0.11, 0.14) | ||
Note. BMI, body mass index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Exam; FAQ, Functional Activities Questionnaire; NPI-Q, Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire.
Parenthesis indicates 95% confidence interval.
Positive values indicated a slower progression rate, and negative values represented a faster progression rate. Covariates included age at baseline, sex, education level, marital status at baseline, race, living arrangement at baseline, residence at baseline, clinical history at baseline (congestive heart failure, diabetes, stroke, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia), family history of dementia, and APOE ϵ4 status.
Positive values were interpreted as a faster progression rate, and negative values indicated a slower progression rate. Covariates included MMSE, age at baseline, sex, education level, marital status at baseline, race, living arrangement at baseline, residence at baseline, clinical history at baseline (congestive heart failure, diabetes, stroke, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia), family history of dementia, and APOE ϵ4 status.
Low BMI is <20 kg/m2, moderate BMI is 20 to <27.5 kg/m2, and high BMI is ≥27.5 kg/m2.
p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.001.