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. 2019 Mar 29;24(1):1583969. doi: 10.1080/10872981.2019.1583969

Table 2.

Confidence levels of students, pre-teaching and post-teaching.

  Pre-programme(N= 53) (SD) Post-programme(N = 53) p-value* Effect Size **
Topic        
General Principles 2.683 (±0.99) 1.917 (±0.82) <0.0001 0.843
Upper GI 2.99 (±0.90) 1.729 (±0.71) <0.0001 1.556
Lower GI 2.548 (±1.18) 1.612 (±0.61) <0.0001 0.997
Hernias 2.567 (± 1.18) 1.735 (±0.64) <0.0001 0.877
Gallstone Pathology 2.394 (± 1.31) 1.56 (± 0.54) <0.0001 0.832
Urology 3.125 (±1.20) 1.902 (±0.78) <0.0001 1.208
Vascular 2.865 (±1.12) 1.451 (±0.54) <0.0001 1.612
Orthopedics 3.01 (±1.03) 1.62 (±0.75) <0.0001 1.442
Breast 3.029 (±0.84) 1.9 (±0.68) <0.0001 1.478
Endocrine 3.65 (±1.00) 1.694 (±0.68) <0.0001 2.287
Ophthalmology 3.64 (±1.28) 2.22 (±1.02) <0.0001 1.227

*calculated using paired t-test.

**calcuated using cohen’s D.