Table 4.

Representative table summarizing differences, similarities, advantages, and disadvantages of rodent and swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) models of renal disease to humans

Parameter	Rodents	Pigs
Anatomy and organ distribution	Similar to H	Similar to H
Renal anatomy	Unipapillary	Multipapillary as in H
Organ and body size	Distant from H	Closer to H
Metabolic rate	Distant from H	Closer to H
Cardiac parameters	Distant from H	Closer to H
Renal parameters	Distant from H	Closer to H
Genetic similarities	Distant from H	Closer to H
Renal pathophysiology	Often not replicated in H	Usually replicated in H
Tissue availability	Low	High
Inducible genetic modifications	Available and abundant	Limited
Combined etiologies of CKD	Possible	Possible
Cost	Low	High

CKD, chronic kidney disease; H, humans.