Table 5.

The effects of UV solar exclusion on the total phenolic, total flavonoid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, hyperoside, total polysaccharide, salviaflaside, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid contents in P. vulgaris spicas

Secondary metabolites	Control	UV solar exclusion
Total phenolics (%)	1.30 ± 0.15 b	1.97 ± 0.28 a
Total flavonoids (%)	4.31 ± 0.52 a	4.96 ± 0.23 a
Rosmarinic acid (%)	0.28 ± 0.01 b	0.30 ± 0.00 a
Caffeic acid (%)	0.02 ± 0.00 b	0.02 ± 0.00 a
Hyperoside (%)	0.02 ± 0.00 b	0.04 ± 0.00 a
Total polysaccharides (%)	3.68 ± 0.47 a	4.09 ± 0.66 a
Salviaflaside (%)	0.12 ± 0.00 a	0.08 ± 0.00 b
Ursolic acid (%)	0.52 ± 0.02 b	0.62 ± 0.02 a
Oleanolic acid (%)	0.10 ± 0.01 b	0.13 ± 0.01 a

Each value is presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters in lines indicate a significant difference at p < 0.05