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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 25.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Ecol Evol. 2019 Mar 25;3(4):604–611. doi: 10.1038/s41559-019-0828-z

Figure 4. Changes in microbial community dissimilarly across the range expansion gradient.

Figure 4

A Both soil and rhizosphere bacterial communities become more similar under unrelated range-expanders (red) and to some extent native plants (purple) farther from the original range. Similar but weaker patterns were observed in related range-expanders (green). B Fungal communities showed a weaker response, and significant decreases were only observed in soils. (Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient: P < 0.05*; p <0.01**; p<<0.001***, SE shown in grey)