Table1.
Study | Mean | SD | SD ×2 | Likely skewness | |
Before and after studies | |||||
Addo et al 66 | B | 374 | 512 | 1024 | Skewed |
A | 296.8 | 356.3 | 712.6 | ||
Diercks et al 56 | B | 232 | 271.3 | 542.6 | Skewed |
A | 224 | 257.9 | 515.8 | ||
Naegeli et al 63 | B | 247 | 248.4 | 496.8 | Skewed |
A | 223.3 | 229.8 | 459.6 | ||
Wolters et al 51 | B | 810 | 4176 | 8352 | Skewed |
A | 318 | 1146 | 2292 | ||
Controlled studies | |||||
Dracup et al 15 | I | 257.4 | 20.40 | 40.8 | Not skewed |
C | 304.8 | 41.4 | 82.8 | ||
Luepker et al 31 | I | 130.2 | 8.25 | 16.5 | Not skewed |
C | 304.8 | 41.40 | 82.8 | ||
Sun et al 37 | I | 498 | 348 | 696 | Skewed |
C | 630 | 390 | 780 |
B-before A-after i-Intervention c- control