Table 1. Estimated means and standard errors by wave.
| Variable | Wave 1 | Wave 2 | Wave 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-reported Distress | 10.69 (1.06)a | 9.17 (1.06) | 7.21 (1.07)a |
| Startle Amplitude | 33.92 (3.26)a | 20.74 (2.12)a | 27.33 (2.95) |
| Perceptual Sensitivity (d’) | 0.55 (.05)a | 0.68 (0.05)a | 0.66 (0.05) |
| Threat Response Bias (c) | 0.19 (0.04)a | 0.05 (0.05)a,b | 0.21 (0.05)b |
| Extent of Marathon-related Media Content (Zwi) | 0.23 (0.01)a | 0.49 (0.003)a | 0.41 (0.01)a |
| Affective Tone of Marathon-related Media Content (Xwi) | 0.04 (0.004)a | 0.10 (0.001)a | 0.12 (0.003)a |
Note: A slopes-as-intercepts approach in HLM was used to generate estimated means and standard errors (given in parentheses) for each variable across waves. Significant differences (α = .05, two-tailed) were determined using chi-square comparisons and are indicated by shared superscripts.