Table 2:
Factors associated with poor PMTCT care engagement at six months postpartum (n = 198)
| Unadjusted relative risk (95% CI) |
Adjusted relative risk (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Intrapersonal | ||
| Demographics | ||
| Age | 0.93 (0.89, 0.97)** | 0.93 (0.89, 0.98)** |
| Education - started secondary or higher [ref: completed primary or less] |
1.06 (0.61, 1.82) | 0.76 (0.42, 1.38) |
| Relationship - lives alone or no partner [ref: lives with a partner] |
1.37 (0.79, 2.36) | 0.68 (0.34, 1.35) |
| Pregnancy | ||
| First pregnancy [ref: prior pregnancy] |
1.77 (1.03, 3.06)* | 1.16 (0.55, 2.44) |
| Gestational age > 24 weeks at initiation of ANC [ref: <= 24 weeks] |
1.03 (0.52, 2.04) | 0.90 (0.45, 1.82) |
| Attitude toward pregnancy [range: 0–24; high score ~ better attitudes] |
1.01 (0.96, 1.06) | |
| HIV | ||
| Diagnosed with HIV index pregnancy [ref: established diagnosis] |
1.37 (0.80, 2.34) | 0.91 (0.50, 1.68) |
| Acceptance of HIV - ICQ scale [range: 6–24; high score ~ more acceptance] |
1.03 (0.96, 1.12) | |
| Attitude toward ART - BMQ scale [range: 10 – 50; high score ~ better attitude] |
1.05 (0.98, 1.12) | |
| Knowledge of Option B+ [range 0–5; high score ~ less knowledge] |
1.03 (0.84, 1.27) | |
| Mental Health | ||
| Depression - EPDS scale [range 0–30; high score ~ more depression] |
1.00 (0.96, 1.05) | |
| Shame - HARSI [range: 0–52; high score ~ more shame] |
1.02 (0.99, 1.04) | |
| Interpersonal | ||
| Partner is HIV-infected [ref: partner negative or unknown] |
0.54 (0.26, 1.09)‡ | 0.80 (0.38, 1.71) |
| HIV Disclosure - has told someone [ref: has not told anyone] |
0.52 (0.30, 0.89)* | 0.53 (0.29, 0.97)* |
| Experienced any violence as an adult [ref: no violence experienced] |
1.18 (0.63, 2.19) | |
| Perceived social support - PAS Scale [range: 8–40; high score ~ more support] |
1.00 (0.96, 1.04) | |
| Partner support - NSSQ Scale [range: 7–35; high score ~ more support] |
0.96 (0.93, 0.99)* | 0.98 (0.94, 1.02) |
| Facility Related | ||
| Local clinic [ref: hospital] |
1.12 (0.63, 2.00) | |
| Travel time to clinic (minutes) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.01) | |
| Perceptions of quality of care – PPRS Scale [range: 12–48; high score ~ better quality] |
1.03 (0.97, 1.09) |
‡
p<.10
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001