Fig. 2.

IL-23 enhanced IL-17 production from CD4⁺and CD8⁺T cells. 1 × 10⁶ hepa1–6-IL-23 or hepa1–6-vector cells in 2 ml PBS were injected into C57BL/6 mice (n = 5 mice/group) hydrodynamically via tail veins. On day 7 and day 21, T cells were analyzed for cytokine production. (a–b) Frequencies of IFN-γ⁺, TNF-α⁺, or IL-17A⁺ cells among CD3⁺CD4⁺ or CD3⁺CD8⁺ cells obtained from the livers of tumor-bearing mice on day 7 (a) or day 21 (b) were determined by flow cytometry. (c) IL-6, IL-9, IL-12, and IL-17A production was measured by a cytometric bead array assay in serum of tumor-bearing mice on day 7 (left panel) and day 21 (right panel). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Two-tail unpaired student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001. Data shown are the representative of three independent experiments.