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. 2019 Apr 1;10:1462. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09449-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Fraction of ¹³C in hydrocarbon products in the reaction of MeOH cofed with H¹³CHO. a MeOH cofed with 5 C% H¹³CHO, MeOH conversion 75%. b MeOH cofed with 1-butene and 2 C% H¹³CHO; MeOH conversion 100%, butene decreased from 57% in the feedstock to 24% in the gas products. C₂⁼, C₃⁼, C₄⁼ and C₅⁼ refer to ethene, propene, butene and pentene, respectively; C₄⁼⁼ and C₅⁼⁼ refer to butadiene and pentadiene respectively. Reaction conditions: a W/F 1.82 h·g_(cat)·mol_(MeOH+HCHO)⁻¹, MeOH 171 mbar, H¹³CHO 9 mbar, H₂O 60 mbar, 475 °C; b W/F 1.30 h·g_(cat)·mol_(MeOH+HCHO)⁻¹, MeOH 171 mbar, H¹³CHO 9 mbar, H₂O 60 mbar, 1-butene 60 mbar, 475 °C. See Supplementary Methods 1 and 2 for the determination of ¹³C fraction