Table 2.

Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and their unaffected first-degree relatives (UR) compared with healthy individuals (HC)

Model		B	95% CI	P value
1	Metabolic syndrome
a	BD vs. HC	3.041	1.227–7.535	0.016
	UR vs. HC	1.096	0.263–4.570	0.9
b	Male vs. female sex	1.954	1.142–2.168	0.059
	Age	1.574	1.142–2.168	0.056
	BD vs. HC	3.529	1.378–9.041	0.009
	UR vs. HC	1.472	0.334–6.497	0.6
c	Male vs. female sex	2.117	0.998–4.494	0.051
	Age	1.580	1.137–2.197	0.006
	BD vs. HC	1.918	0.669–5.498	0.2
	UR vs. HC	1.108	0.027–0.432	0.9
	No smoking	0.332	0.151–0.730	0.006
	High vs. low alcohol intake	1.107	0.369–3.318	0.9
	Moderate vs. low alcohol intake	0.739	0.317–1.727	0.5
2	Insulin resistance
a	BD vs. HC	1.203	1.058–1.367	0.005
	UR vs. HC	1.092	0.0910–1.311	0.3
b	Male vs. female sex	1.095	0.977–1.238	0.1
	Age	0.996	0.989–1.002	0.2
	BD vs. HC	1.203	1.059–1.367	0.005
	UR vs. HC	1.069	0.889–1.287	0.5
c	Male vs. female sex	1.129	1.001–1.273	0.048
	Age	0.995	0.982–1.002	0.2
	BD vs. HC	1.129	0.982–1.234	0.1
	UR vs. HC	1.019	0.842–1.234	0.8
	Smoking	1.113	0.974–1.271	0.1
	High vs. low alcohol intake	0.857	0.704–1.044	0.1
	Moderate vs. low alcohol intake	0.905	0.796–1.029	0.1

Model 1: Generalized linear mixed model with metabolic syndrome as the dependent variable. B represents odds ratios

Model 2: Linear mixed model with insulin resistance as the dependent variable. B represents back transformed beta values