Fig. 3.

Increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and cytokine production in Tg-tRXRα tumor. a, b Colonic sections from mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (a) or DSS (b) were stained with CD68 antibody to detect macrophages and analyzed for the number of CD68-positive cells per field (scale bars, 50 μm). Each dot represents a mouse, 10 fields were counted per mouse. Data are mean ± SD (n = 6), t test. c, d Relative mRNA expression levels of the indicated genes in colon of mice treated with AOM/DSS (c) or DSS (d) were determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase–PCR. Data are mean ± SEM (n = 4), t test. e Serum levels of interleukin-6 from mice treated with 3% DSS for 2 days were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Each dot represents a mouse. Data are mean ± SD (n = 5), t test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001