Table 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics among subgroups with higher degrees of cardiorespiratory fitness.
| Variable | ADHD (n = 12) mean ± SD | Controls (n = 12) mean ± SD | Statistic | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 31.8 ± 9.2 | 29.0 ± 7.7 | t = 0.80 | 0.44 |
| Gender (f/m) | 3/9 | 2/10 | X2 = 0.25 | 0.61 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 2.8 | 23.5 ± 2.2 | t = 0.016 | 0.99 |
| HRmax (beats/min) | 177.9 ± 11.0 | 186.9 ± 11.7 | t = −1.94 | 0.065 |
| VO2peak (mL/min/kg) | 41.0 ± 6.1 | 46.3 ± 4.4 | t = −2.46 | 0.022* |
| VO2peak (% ranking) | 55.0 ± 16.0 | 65.4 ± 11.8 | t = −1.82 | 0.082 |
| BDI | 9.0 ± 6.6 | 1.6 ± 1.9 | t = 3.73 | 0.001* |
| ADHS-SB | 28.4 ± 8.8 | 5.3 ± 5.0 | t = 7.92 | <0.001* |
| WURS-k | 34.8 ± 16.0 | 9.2 ± 6.8 | t = 5.11 | <0.001* |
| PA total score | 7,825 ± 7,375 | 5,385 ± 3,906 | t = 1.01 | 0.33 |
| PA work | 3,400 ± 6,204 | 311 ± 817 | t = 1.71 | 0.11 |
| PA transportation | 1,956 ± 3,083 | 1226 ± 968 | t = 0.78 | 0.44 |
| PA domestic | 691 ± 706 | 1525 ± 3059 | t = –0.92 | 0.37 |
| PA leisure | 1,778 ± 1,923 | 2,323 ± 2,189 | t = –0.65 | 0.52 |
| PA walking | 1,684 ± 1,944 | 718 ± 907 | t = 1.56 | 0.13 |
| PA moderate | 3,360 ± 3,621 | 3,010 ± 2,927 | t = 0.26 | 0.80 |
| PA vigorous | 2,780 ± 5,341 | 1,657 ± 2,258 | t = 0.67 | 0.51 |
| Stimulant medicationa | n = 1 | — | — | — |
*
p <0.05.
a
Current medication, discontinued 48 h prior to each visit. BMI, body mass index; HRmax, maximal heart rate as assessed by maximal exercise test; VO2peak, peak oxygen consumption as tested by maximal exercise test; VO2peak (% ranking), peak oxygen uptake transformed into age- and gender-adapted percentiles; BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; ADHS-SB, ADHD Self Rating Scale; WURS-k, Wender Utah Rating Scale, retrospective assessment of childhood ADHD; PA, Physical activity as assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, expressed in MET-minutes/week.