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Fundamental characteristics of the three groups before treatment.
| Group A | Group B | Group C | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 50 | 31 | 48 |
| Male | 22 (44%) | 13 (42%) | 21 (44%) |
| Female | 28 (56%) | 18 (58%) | 27 (56%) |
| Average age (range) | 40.5 (25–62) | 41.6 (21–65) | 44.5 (24–67) |
| BMI | 20.4 ± 1.0 | 20.1 ± 0.9 | 20.5 ± 0.9 |
| Smoking | 13 (26.0%) | 8 (25.8%) | 14 (29.2%) |
| Heavy work | 29 (58%) | 18 (58.1%) | 28 (58.3%) |
| Involved disc | |||
| L3–4 | 3 | 3 | |
| L4–5 | 13 | 20 | |
| L5–S1 | 15 | 25 |
