Table 1.
The basic characteristic of the included studies.
| Studies | Simple Size (T/C)(M/F) |
Mean age (T/C) |
Intervention (T/C) |
GCS before treatment (T/C) (GCS Scores/number) |
TBI's Degree | Duration of Treatment | Outcome measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fu 2009 | 16(12/4)/16(14/3) | 41.8±18.5/36.8±18.5 | EA/BT | 4.06±1.06/3.87±1.02 | S | 30 D | GCS |
| He 2012 | 30/20 | NR | EA/BT | NR | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Yu 2010 | 34/34 | NR | A/BT | 5.60±2.25/5.81±2.23 | S | 1 M | GCS |
| Yu 2012 | 30/30 | 33.38±12.65 | A/BT | 5.63±1.69/5.80±1.79 | S | 1 M | GCS |
| Feng 2005 | 44(29/15)/40(29/15) | 39±15/36±13 | A/BT | (3-5/9,6-8/35)/(3-5/3,6-8/32) | S | 1 M | GCS/GOS |
| Liu 2015 | 43/42 | NR | A/BT | NR | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Liu 2010 | 15(9/6)/14(9/6) | 32.6±15.3/31.9±15.8 | EA/BT | (5/3,6/4,7/3,8/5)/(5/3,6/3,7/4,8/4) | S | U | GOS |
| Liu 2016 | 43(30/12)/42(29/14) | 38.61±4.65/36.92±4.87 | A/BT | 3-5/22,6-8/35,9-11/17,12-15/11 | S/Mo/Mi | 30 D | GOS |
| Liu 2006 | 50(34/16)/50(32/18) | NR | EA/BT | (3-5/12,6-8/38)/(3-5/11,6-8/39) | S | 30 D | GOS |
| Liu et.al. 2006 | 60(44/16)/60(42/18) | 32.5/32 | A+HO+LII/BT | (8/19,7/36,≤6/5)/(8/18,7/36,≤6/6) | S | 30 D | GCS |
| Lu 2015 | 37(22/15)/37(22/15) | 39.6±1.5/30.21±1.8 | EA/BT | NR | S | 30 D | GOS |
| Gu 2010 | 61(42/19)/61(41/20) | 45±12.11/43.1±11.12 | A+TCM/BT | (3-5/23,6-8/38)/(3-5/24,6-8/37) | S | 1 W | GOS |
| Lv 2013 | 43(23/20)/42(25/17) | 42.5±12.7/41.7±13.2 | EA/BT | 3.9±1.1/4.01±1.06 | S | 30 D | GCS/GOS |
| Tang 2016 | 15(11/4)/15(11/3) | 49.53±15.73/52.14±11.36 | EA/BT | 5.80±1.47/5.57±1.22 | S | 4 W | GCS/GOS |
| Lou 2013 | 25/25 | NR | A+HO/BT | NR | S | U | GOS |
| Sun 2009 | 30(22/8)/30(20/10) | 45.2/39.8 | A/BT | (3-5/9,6-8/21)/(3-5/8,6-8/22) | S | 2 M | GOS |
| Song 2007 | 30/20 | NR | EA/BT | NR | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Zhang 2013 | 30(19/11)/30(21/9) | 37.1±9.1/37.2±10.1 | EA/BT | (3-5/13,6-8/17)/(3-5/12,6-8/18) | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Zhang 2011 | 22(19/3)/20(14/6) | 43.50±1.27/46.25±1.31 | A/BT | 6.41±1.47/6.45±1.47 | S | 30 D | GCS |
| Peng 2010 | 29(20/9)/27(20/7) | 39.1±12.2/40.2±9.8 | EA/BT | 5.08±1.47/5.10±2.11 | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Cheng 2016 | 28/29 | NR | EA/BT | 5.42±1.29/5.68±1.54 | S | U | GCS |
| Li 2003 | 40(29/11)/40(27/13) | 39±15/36±14 | A+TCM/BT | (3-5/9,6-8/31)/(3-5/8,6-8/32) | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Li 2010 | 16(12/4)/14(10/4) | 45.6/46.4 | A+TCM/BT | (3-5/4,6-8/12)/(3-5/4,6-8/10) | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Yang 2011 | 15(11/4)/15(10/5) | 37.4/35.1 | A+HO/BT | 5.7/5.9 | S | 30 D | GCS |
| Yang 2007 | 20(11/9)/20(12/8) | 40.25±0.36/42.06±0.28 | EA/BT | 6.5±1.471/6.6±1.04 | S | 7 D | GCS |
| Yang 2016 | 50/40 | NR | A/BT | NR | S | 60 D | GOS |
| Jiang 2009a | 33(25/8)/30(26/4) | NR | A+HO/BT | NR | S | U | GOS |
| jiang 2009b | 76(53/12)/58(48/10) | 28.1/27.4 | A/BT | 5.3±1.18/5.1±1.21 | S | U | GOS |
| You 2013 | 16(12/4)/15(10/5) | 34.7±9.9/35.2±8.7 | A/BT | 6.2±1.7/5.9±1.4 | S | 4 W | GCS |
| Wang 2012 | 50(42/8)/50(40/10) | NR | A/BT | 4.04±1.06/4.08±1.02 | NR | 1 M | GCS |
| Wang 2013 | 50/50 | NR | EA+HO+TCM/BT | NR | S | 2 W | GOS |
| Wang 2016 | 50(37/13)/50(37/13) | 42.36±16.11/43.10±15.33 | A/BT | 5.90±1.53/5.98±1.60 | S | 3 W | GCS |
| Ge 2014 | 23(13/10)/23(15/8) | 32.06±3.18/31.26±4.25 | EA/BT | NR | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Xie 2016 | 32(24/8)/32(25/7) | 39.5/36.9 | A/BT | 4.92±1.17/4.81±1.55 | S | 1 M | GCS |
| Guo 2016 | 30(18/12)/30(20/10) | 35.2±8.43/33.7±7.56 | EA/BT | 6.53±1.18/6.87±7.56 | S | 30 D | GCS |
| Chen 2013 | 39(25/14)/38(26/12) | 31.47±3.88/31.52±3.82 | A+HO/BT | NR | S | U | GOS |
| Chen 2011 | 36/34 | NR | A+HO/BT | NR | S | 1 M | GOS |
| Chen 2006 | 54(36/18)/51(37/14) | 34±11/36±112 | A+TCM/BT | (3-5/15,6-8/39)/(3-5/14,6-8/37) | S | 8 W | GCS/GOS |
| Chen 2009 | 46(38/8)/46(35/11) | 47±2.13/47±2.37 | EA/BT | 4.03±1.05/4.07±1.02 | S/Mo | U | GCS |
| Lu 2014 | 20(12/8)/20(11/9) | 34±116/33±16 | A/BT | (5/6,6/7,7/3,8/4)/(5/5,6/6,7/4,8/5) | S | 30 D | GOS |
| Tu 2010 | 51(35/16)/51(37/14) | 42.5±11.4/41.1±11.2 | A/BT | (3-5/16,6-8/35)/(3-5/17,6-8/34) | S | 30 D | GOS |
| Yan 2018 | 50(32/18)/50(30/20) | 35.2±11.8/34.5±10.3 | EA/BT | 4.6±1.15/4.5±1.44 | S | 1 M | GCS |
| Xue 2017 | 36(25/13)/38(24/12) | 38.15±5.26/39.75±6.18 | A+TCM/BT | 5.75±2.26/6.13±2.27 | S/Mo | 8 W | GCS/GOS |
| Xu 2015 | 30(19/12)/30(18/11) | 39.75±17.86/9.06±2.03 | A/BT | 6.0±1.80/5.9±1.70 | S | 14 D | GCS/GOS |
| Xing 2007 | 20/20 | NR | A/BT | 5.9±0.85/5.00±1.17 | S | 4 W | GCS |
| Wang et al 2016 | 39(22/17)/39(21/18) | 53.5±2.4/53.4±2.5 | A+HO/BT | 6.3±1.36/6.4±1.14 | NR | 3 M | GCS |
| Ding 2015 | 40(24/16)/40(22/18) | 35.8±4.3/35.4±4.3 | A+TCM/BT | 5.7±1.06/10.05±1.3 | NR | U | GCS |
| Zhang 2014 | 80(82/44)/46 | 27.7 | A+TCM/BT | NR | S | 2 M | GOS |
| Tian 2012 | 58(85/31)/58 | 43.5 | A/BT | 8.5±3.01/8.46±3.22 | S/Mo | 14 D | GCS/GOS |
NR: not report; A: acupuncture; EA: electroacupuncture; TCM: traditional Chinese medicine; HO: hyperbaric oxygen; BT: basic treatment; Mi: mild TBI; Mo: moderate TBI; S: severe TBI; M: month; W: week; D: day; U: unclear; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; GOS: Glasgow Outcome Scale.