Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of subjects
| PANw (n = 15) |
PIANw (n = 13) |
PIAO (n = 26) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 60.9 ± 6.0 | 57.2 ± 5.0 | 58.5 ± 5.8 | 0.218 |
| Menopausal age, years | 50.1 ± 5.5 | 48.6 ± 7.3 | 49.0 ± 4.2 | 0.754 |
| Body height, cm | 156.4 ± 5.4 | 156.3 ± 5.5 | 155.9 ± 4.6 | 0.946 |
| Body weight, kg | 53.2 ± 5.8 | 53.1 ± 3.9 | 66.1 ± 8.2*† | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.7 ± 1.6 | 21.2 ± 1.1 | 27.2 ± 2.9*† | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 74.3 ± 5.1 | 73.6 ± 4.3 | 87.9 ± 8.1*† | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 9 (60%) | 8 (62%) | 16 (62%) | 0.995 |
| Dyslipidemia | 6 (40%) | 3 (23%) | 11 (42%) | 0.414 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5 (33%) | 6 (46%) | 13 (50%) | 0.580 |
| Medication (%) | ||||
| ACEI or ARB | 4 (27%) | 2 (15%) | 8 (31%) | 0.584 |
| Beta blocker | 2 (7%) | 1 (8%) | 2 (8%) | 0.815 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 1 (13%) | 1 (8%) | 6 (23%) | 0.257 |
| Diuretics | 1 (13%) | 1 (8%) | 4 (15%) | 0.627 |
| Statins | 5 (33%) | 3 (23%) | 5 (19%) | 0.593 |
| OHA | 4 (27%) | 6 (46%) | 11 (42%) | 0.507 |
| Glycemic control | ||||
| Fasting glucose, mg/dl | 109.8 ± 23.9 | 104.5 ± 20.8 | 120.6 ± 36.5 | 0.277 |
| HbAjc, % | 6.4 ± 1.0 | 6.4 ± 1.0 | 6.7 ± 1.2 | 0.681 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 195.1 ± 32.0 | 190.0 ± 27.7 | 212.0 ± 36.5 | 0.122 |
| HDL-C, mg/dl | 59.5 ± 12.7 | 50.6 ± 11.3 | 50.7 ± 8.5 | 0.036 |
| LDL-C, mg/dl | 101.9 ± 23.7 | 105.2 ± 27.9 | 119.7 ± 27.8 | 0.085 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dl | 92.1 ± 33.2 | 130.6 ± 92.5 | 151.5 ± 75.2 | 0.047 |
| CRP, mg/dl | 0.09 ± 0.10 | 0.13 ± 0.18 | 0.43 ± 0.47† | 0.011 |
PANw = Physically active, normal weight; PIANw = physically inactive, normal weight; PIAO = physically inactive, overweight; ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB = angiotensin II receptor blockers; OHA = oral hypoglycemic agents.
*
p < 0.02 compared between PIANw and PIAO groups after Bonferroni post-hoc analysis.
†
p < 0.02 compared between PANw and PIAO groups after Bonferroni post-hoc analysis.