Table 3.
Baseline Characteristics of Sexually Active Participants According to Systolic Blood Pressure Status
| Characteristic | Overall n=857 |
SBP<140 mmHg n=481 |
SBP 140-160 mmHg n=316 |
SBP>160 mmHg n=60 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IIEF-5 Score a | 18.0 (5.8) | 18.1 (5.7) | 17.9 (5.9) | 17.1 (6.4) | 0.32 |
| Erectile dysfunction (IIEF-5I score ≤21) b | 59.9 | 60.6 | 58.9 | 59.7 | 0.90 |
| Demographic | |||||
| Age (yrs)a | 65.0 (9.0) | 64.6 (8.7) | 65.6 (9.3) | 65.7 (9.5) | 0.12 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.52 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White b | 57.3 | 56.1 | 58.2 | 61.7 | |
| African-American b | 30.8 | 30.8 | 30.7 | 31.7 | |
| Hispanic b | 10.3 | 11.4 | 9.8 | 3.3 | |
| Other b | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 3.3 | |
| Education | 0.22 | ||||
| Less than High School b | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.7 | |
| High School Graduate/GED b | 14.4 | 12.1 | 16.1 | 23.3 | |
| Post High School b | 37.3 | 38.1 | 38.0 | 28.3 | |
| College Degree b | 41.9 | 43.7 | 39.2 | 41.7 | |
| Lives with Others b | 77.9 | 79.4 | 76.3 | 75.0 | 0.50 |
| Behavioral Risk Factors | |||||
| Smoking (pack-yrs) § | 3.8 (0 to 22.5) | 3.5 (0, 21) | 4.3 (0, 23.4) | 5.7 (0, 24.3) | 0.80 |
| Alcohol (drinks/typical week) § | 1.0 (0, 2) | 1.0 (0, 2) | 1.0 (0, 2) | 1.0 (0, 2) | 0.78 |
| Antihypertension Medications | |||||
| Use of Beta-Blockers b | 30.6 | 28.7 | 31.3 | 41.7 | 0.12 |
| Use of Diuretics b | 41.8 | 43.5 | 40.8 | 33.3 | 0.30 |
| Use of Calcium Channel Blockers b | 34.4 | 33.1 | 37.7 | 28.3 | 0.24 |
| Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors b | 40.0 | 41.0 | 38.6 | 40.0 | 0.80 |
| Use of Angiotensin Receptor Blockersb | 17.5 | 18.5 | 17.4 | 10.0 | 0.26 |
| Total Number of Antihypertensive Medications a | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.8 (1.0) | 1.7 (1.2) | 0.87 |
| Cardiometabolic and Psychosocial Variables | |||||
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 79.9 (11.6) | 75.7 (9.8) | 84.2 (10.8) | 91.5 (13.4) | <.0001 |
| Pulse pressure (mmHg)c | 58.7 (13.2) | 52.8 (10.1) | 63.8 (10.7) | 78.7 (16.3) | <.0001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL)a | 99.7 (12.6) | 99.5 (13.1) | 99.2 (11.2) | 103.1 (14.7) | 0.23 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)a | 183.8 (39.1) | 179.9 (38.2) | 187.9 (38.8) | 193.9 (44.9) | 0.0005 |
| Any Anti-cholesterol Medication b | 51.6 | 55.1 | 47.9 | 43.3 | 0.06 |
| Any Antidepressant Medication b | 11.5 | 12.7 | 10.8 | 5.0 | 0.19 |
| Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors b | 13.4 | 16.2 | 10.1 | 8.3 | 0.02 |
| BMI (kg/m2) a | 30.2 (5.6) | 30.4 (5.7) | 30.4 (5.5) | 28.3 (4.5) | 0.07 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) a | 75.9 (19.9) | 75.6 (20.2) | 76.1 (20) | 77.1 (16.9) | 0.57 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2) b | 19.9 | 21.3 | 18.7 | 15.0 | 0.42 |
| CVD Family History b | 25.5 | 26.5 | 22.0 | 35.7 | 0.08 |
| MoCA Total Score (range 0 to 30) a, d | 23.3 (3.6) | 23.4 (3.7) | 23.3 (3.3) | 23.2 (3.8) | 0.69 |
| PHQ-9 Total Score (range 0 to 27) §, e | 1.0 (0, 4) | 2.0 (0, 4) | 1.0 (0, 3) | 1.0 (0, 3.5) | 0.12 |
| Number of Physical Comorbidities (range 0 to 32) a,e | 4.0 (2.5) | 4.1 (2.5) | 3.9 (2.5) | 3.9 (2.5) | 0.32 |
Significant values (p<0.05) are presented in bold
a
Data presented as mean(standard deviation)
§
Data presented as median (25th percentile,75th percentile )
b
Data presented as %
c
defined as (systolic blood pressure in mmHg – diastolic blood pressure in mmHg)
d
Higher scores indicate better function
e
Higher scores indicate poorer function
*
p-value from Chi Square test for categorical variables (b), Student’s t-test for continuous variables with normal distributions (a), and Kruskal-Wallis test for variables with distributions with high skewness or kurtosis (§)