Table 5.
Results of Cross-Sectional Simple and Multiple Linear Regression Analyses Examining Associations between Blood Pressure and 5-Item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) Scores§
| Unadjusted Model n=825 |
Adjusted Model n=789 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Beta for IIEF-5 score (95% CI) | P value | Beta for IIEF-5 score (95% CI) | P value |
| Unadjusted Model | ||||
| Systolic Blood Pressure (per 5 mmHg increase) | − 0.07 (− 0.10, − 0.04) | <.0001 | −0.04 (−0.07, −0.01) | 0.025 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (per 5 mmHg increase) | 0.13 (0.09, 0.17) | <.0001 | 0.05 (0.01, 0.10) | 0.029 |
| Demographic Variables | ||||
| Age (yrs). | --- | --- | −0.18 (−0.24, −0.12) | <.0001 |
| African-American vs. White | --- | --- | 0.22 (−0.81, 1.26) | 0.67 |
| Hispanic vs. White | −0.10 (−1.45, 1.24) | 0.88 | ||
| Other vs. White | --- | --- | 0.70 (−2.3, 3.70) | 0.65 |
| < High school vs. College Graduate | --- | --- | −0.90 (−2.65, 0.85) | 0.31 |
| High School graduate/GED vs. College Graduate | --- | --- | −1.24 (−2.49, 0.01) | 0.052 |
| Post High School vs. College Graduate | --- | --- | −0.73 (−1.63, 0.16) | 0.11 |
| Lives with Others vs. Lives Alone | --- | --- | −0.07 (−1.00, 0.85) | 0.88 |
| Behavioral Risk Factor and Medication Use Variables | ||||
| Pack-years of Smoking | --- | --- | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.45 |
| Alcohol Consumption (drinks/typical wk) | --- | --- | −0.03 (−0.26, 0.20) | 0.83 |
| Beta-blockers (BB) vs. no BB | --- | --- | −0.18 (−1.04, 0.68) | 0.68 |
| Diuretics vs. No Diuretics | --- | --- | 0.18 (−0.6, 0.96) | 0.64 |
| Calcium Channel Blockers vs.no Calcium Channel Blockers | --- | --- | 0.55 (−0.25, 1.35) | 0.18 |
| Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors vs. no ACE | --- | --- | −0.52 (−1.36, 0.33) | 0.23 |
| Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) vs. no ARB | --- | --- | 0.11 (−0.98, 1.20) | 0.85 |
| Any Cholesterol Medication | --- | --- | 0.15 (−0.66,0.95) | 0.72 |
| Any Phosphodiesterase type 5 Inhibitors | --- | --- | −0.28 (−1.37, 0.81) | 0.62 |
| Cardiometabolic and Psychosocial Variables | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | --- | --- | −0.08 (−0.15, −0.01) | 0.032 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | --- | --- | −0.004 (−0.03, 0.02) | 0.68 |
| MoCA Total Score a | --- | --- | 0.11 (−0.01,0.23) | 0.08 |
| PHQ-9 Total Score b | --- | --- | −0.29 (−0.39, −0.19) | <.0001 |
| Number of Physical Comorbidities b | --- | --- | −0.21 (−0.38, −0.03) | 0.020 |
§
defined as International Index of Erectile Function Total Score; higher scores indicate better function
a
Higher scores indicate better function
b
Higher scores indicate poorer function
significant (p<0.05) Beta estimates and 95% Confidence Intervals presented in bold
--- variable not included in model