Table 2.
Clinical Measures Across 12 Week NAC and Placebo Treatment in Children with Tourette Syndrome
| NAC treatment (n = 17) | Placebo treatment (n = 14) | Mixed model | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent measures | Baseline | Week 12 | Baseline | Week 12 | Treatment | Time | Treatment × time |
| YGTSS | 27.1 (7.2) | 24.3 (7.9) | 26.3 (7.7) | 21.3 (4.6) | −0.6403 (F = 0.06, p = 0.815) | −0.4555 (F = 8.08, p = 0.008) | 0.3921 (F = 3.32, p = 0.079) |
| PUTS | 24.4 (4.6) | 24.7 (4.9) | 23.8 (4.1) | 24.1 (4.8) | 1.0609 (F = 0.54, p = 0.475) | −0.00625 (F = 0.0, p = 0.954) | 0.1750 (F = 1.49, p = 0.232) |
| CGI | 3.7 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.1) | 3.9 (0.6) | 3.4 (1.1) | −0.2289 (F = 0.4, p = 0.533) | −0.05930 (F = 3.33, p = 0.079) | 0.02252 (F = 0.612, p = 0.112) |
| ADHD-RS | 17.6 (9.2) | 16.4 (4.9) | 23.7 (11.8) | 22.7 (8.5) | −10.2914 (F = 10.2, p = 0.03) | −0.3066 (F = 3.4, p = 0.076) | 0.3014 (F = 1.78, p = 0.1923) |
| MASC | 41.6 (15.4) | 33.4 (13.8) | 23.8 (4.1) | 38.4 (14.8) | −4.8276 (F = 0.75, p = 0.3921) | −0.4454 (F = 4.4, p = 0.0444) | 0.05392 (F = 0.04, p = 0.851) |
| CDI | 25.1 (2.5) | 25.7 (1.8) | 24.9 (2.7) | 22.8 (3,5) | 0.04910 (F = 0.00, p = 0.958) | −0.1720 (F = 4.41, p = 0.045) | 0.2337 (F = 4.5, p = 0.042) |
| CYBOCS | 6.9 (8.3) | 4.4 (8.0) | 10.7 (9.0) | 11.5 (9.8) | −3.0345 (F = 1.14, p = 0.295) | 0.07353 (F = 0.47, p = 0.498) | −0.2396 (F = 2.75, p = 0.108) |
NAC, active N-acetylcysteine treatment; YGTSS, Yale Global Tic Severity Scale - Total tic score; PUTS, Premonitory Urge Tic Scale; CGI, Clinical Global Impressions; ADHD-RS Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale; MASC: Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children; CDI, Children's Depressive Inventory; CYBOCS: Children Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale.