Table 1.

Regions of the brain with different activation responses to hypoglycaemia in men with type 1 diabetes with HA vs those with IAH

Period vs baseline, response direction	Group (region name)	k (voxels)	t (peak voxel)	p(peak voxel)	p(uncorrected cluster)	Atlas coordinates for location in the brain			Subcluster size
						x	y	z
Early
HA > IAH	Lingual gyrus L	54	3.57	0.00024	0.060	0	−74	−6	31
	Lingual gyrus R								23
HA < IAH	Post dorsolateral frontal cortex L	79	−3.47	0.00034	0.026	−48	22	12	79
	Post dorsolateral frontal cortex L	54	−4.40	0.00001	0.060	−32	26	46	54
	Insular cortex Ra	55	−3.53	0.00027	0.058	44	−2	10	4
	Precentral gyrus Ra								3
	Central operculum cortex R								44
	Cerebral white matter Ra								4
	Medial orbital cortex La	70	−4.17	0.00003	0.035	4	62	−14	11
	Medial orbital cortex R								59
Established
HA > IAH	Precentral gyrus La	128	3.84	0.00009	0.007	−6	−38	66	9
	Postcentral gyrus L								95
	Cerebral white matter Ra								30
	Precentral gyrus R	89	4.01	0.00005	0.020	20	−28	66	56
	Postcentral gyrus R								33
	Dorsal ant cingulate cortex								42
	Cerebral white matter Ra								8
	Ant cingulate cortex	68	4.03	0.00004	0.037	−2	36	6	68
HA < IAH	Parietal lobule L	109	−4.75	<0.00001	0.011	−34	−58	40	54
	Supramarginal gyrus La								2
	Angular gyrus L								53
	Middle temp gyrus post L	171	−4.18	0.00002	0.002	−54	−62	16	76
	Angular gyrus L								63
	Occipital pole L								32
	Medial orbital cortex La	133	−3.76	0.00012	0.006	4	60	−12	6
	Medial orbital cortex R								127
Recovery
HA > IAH	Outside atlasa	127	3.53	0.00027	0.007	40	−40	−16	4
	Inf temp gyrus post Ra								1
	Cerebral white matter Ra								7
	Postcentral gyrus L								58
	Outside atlasa	111	3.79	0.00011	0.010	10	−8	−16	23
	Cerebral white matter Ra								17
	Hippocampus Ra								9
	Amygdala R								22
	Midbrain								30
	Precentral gyrus L	119	3.84	0.00009	0.008	−38	−24	62	25
	Postcentral gyrus L								94
	Insular cortex R	78	3.42	0.0004	0.027	42	−22	0	11
	Sup temp gyrus ant R								52
	Sup temp gyrus post Ra								7
	Cerebral white matter Ra								8
	Outside atlasa	79	3.81	0.0001	0.026	32	2	−20	3
	Insular cortex Ra								10
	Ant temp pole R								21
	Parahippocampal ambiens gyrus ant Ra								1
	Cerebral white matter R								27
	Amygdala R								17
HA < IAH	Middle temp gyrus ant L	97	−5.02	<0.00001	0.015	−64	−14	−14	32
	Middle temp gyrus post L								56
	Inf temp gyrus ant La								3
	Inf temp gyrus post La								6
	Sup temp gyrus post L	138	−4.56	<0.00001	0.005	−58	−48	16	43
	Middle temp gyrus post La								1
	Supramarginal gyrus L								68
	Angular gyrus L								23
	Cerebral white matter La								3
	Ant dorsolateral frontal cortex La	78	−4.42	<0.00001	0.027	−10	50	34	10
	Anterior medial frontal cortex La								6
	Postero-medial frontal cortex L								62
	Middle temp gyrus post L	90	−4.01	0.00005	0.019	−56	−34	−22	22
	Inf temp gyrus post L								68
	Parietal lobule L	685	−3.96	0.00006	<0.001	−38	−58	54	88
	Supramarginal gyrus L								38
	Angular gyrus L								425
	Occipital pole L								134
	Middle temp gyrus post R	53	−3.89	0.00007	0.062	60	−46	2	53
	Precentral gyrus L	95	−3.57	0.00024	0.016	−40	2	52	32
	Post dorsolateral frontal cortex L								63
	Post dorsolateral frontal cortex L	97	−3.46	0.00035	0.015	−36	18	50	97

Region names derive from the intersection of regions identified by SPM using the Tziortzi atlas [29]. t values are calculated from a linear contrast for every voxel, the peak t value being the voxel with highest t value in the cluster

p(peak voxel) is the p value that corresponds to the peak t value within each cluster, calculated with 154 degrees of freedom. p(uncorrected cluster) is the p value calculated using SPM2, reflecting the significance of cluster size of regions that meet the criteria for significance (i.e. the likelihood that a cluster of that size being found based on Gaussian field theory and functional image smoothness)

^aRegions that did not meet the criteria for significance

Ant, anterior; Inf, inferior; L left; Post, posterior; R right; Sup, superior; Temp, temporal