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. 2019 Feb 19;151(4):417–434. doi: 10.1085/jgp.201812298

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© 2019 Anantharam and Kreutzberger

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Figure 5. — The role of inositol phospholipids in fusion. (A) PH-GFP identifies primarily PI(4,5)P₂ in the plasma membrane (note fluorescence in cell periphery; left panel). When a critical basic residue for the interaction is mutated, GFP does not label the plasma membrane. Taken from Holz et al. (2000), A is reprinted with permission from the Journal of Biological Chemistry. (B) The localization of PI(4,5)P₂ (red) in the membrane may promote protein–lipid interactions (blue) for formation of fusion pores. Expression of PI(4,5)P₂ on the granule membrane may thwart those interactions. B is based on Abbineni et al. (2018).