Table 2.

Multilevel multivariable models of each hourly outcome and covariates. Mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

	Vehicle Volume	Violation Rate	High Violation Rate	Mean Violation Speed	Max Violation Speed	Mean Speed
	MD (95% CI)	MD (95% CI)	MD (95% CI)	MD (95% CI)	MD (95% CI)	MD (95% CI)
Fixed
Time Period
Warning	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Citation	37.1 (−10.4, 84.7)	−6.13 (−10.1, −2.17)	−0.83 (−2.01, 0.35)	0.072 (−0.095, 0.24)	−2.14 (−2.87, −1.42)	−1.12 (−1.64, −0.60)
Day
Monday	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Tuesday	13.9 (8.44, 19.4)	−0.79 (−0.96, −0.61)	−0.19 (−0.42, 0.044)	−0.13 (−0.19, −0.065)	−0.26 (−0.43, −0.096)	−0.26 (−0.31, −0.21)
Wednesday	19.3 (11.5, 27.2)	−0.62 (−0.88, −0.36)	−0.32 (−0.74, 0.098)	−0.10 (−0.18, −0.030)	−0.23 (−0.43, −0.035)	−0.28 (−0.32, −0.24)
Thursday	25.2 (18.1, 32.3)	−0.13 (−0.24, −0.013)	−0.046 (−0.37, 0.28)	−0.058 (−0.17, 0.052)	−0.11 (−0.33, 0.10)	−0.40 (−0.47, −0.32)
Friday	37.2 (25.4, 49.0)	0.06 (−0.36, 0.48)	−0.15 (−0.46, 0.16)	−0.068 (−0.17, 0.032)	−0.030 (−0.27, 0.21)	−0.23 (−0.35, −0.10)
Quarter
Fall	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Winter	−31.7 (−47.4, −16.0)	1.73 (1.02, 2.43)	0.26 (0.065, 0.45)	0.029 (−0.14, 0.19)	0.71 (0.27, 1.14)	−0.15 (−0.25, −0.043)
Spring	−16.5 (−33.9, 0.90)	1.35 (0.70, 1.99)	0.12 (−0.089, 0.32)	−0.011 (−0.11, 0.090)	0.49 (0.10, 0.88)	−0.62 (−0.96, −0.28)
Intercept	438.6 (326.0, 551.3)	11.8 (7.34, 16.4)	1.83 (0.44, 0.32)	29.5 (29.0, 29.9)	35.6 (34.4, 37.0)	25.8 (24.7, 26.9)
Random
Camera	51.3 (26.8, 98.4)	4.71 (2.95, 7.53)	1.42 (0.69, 2.94)	0.086 (0.030, 0.24)	0.77 (0.44, 1.34)	0.62 (0.37, 1.03)
Intercept	145.9 (101.4, 210.0)	5.42 (3.50, 8.39)	1.45 (0.68, 3.08)	0.56 (0.34, 0.91)	1.63 (0.85, 3.09)	1.33 (0.83, 2.12)
Correlation	0.33 (−0.06, 0.63)	−0.97 (−0.99, −0.92)	−0.95 (−0.99, −0.57)	−1.00 (−1.00, −0.99)	−0.43 (−0.76, 0.068)	0.14 (−0.68, 0.80)
Residual	142.9 (102.1, 200.0)	12.8 (10.8, 15.3)	7.70 (0.59, 1.00)	1.66 (1.54, 1.80)	3.71 (3.52, 3.91)	4.18 (3.67, 4.75)

Bolded results highlight findings whose 95% CI does not cross 0.