Table 3.

Unadjusted and adjusted association between participant characteristics and quality of life

		Unadjusted beta [95% CI] (N = 239)	p	Adjusted beta [95% CI] (N = 238)	p
Polypharmacy		− 0.07 [− 0.10, − 0.03]	< .001	− 0.06 [− 0.09, − 0.02]	0.001
Sex	Male	(Ref.)
	Female	− 0.02 [− 0.36, 0.32]	0.915	0.04 [−0.28, 0.37]	0.791
Race	White	(Ref.)
	Black	− 0.16 [− 0.66, 0.34]	0.522
	Other	− 0.73 [− 1.57, 0.11]	0.088
Ethnicity	Hispanic	(Ref.)
	Non-Hispanic	0.42 [−0.42, 1.26]	0.324
	Unknown	(Dropped)
Age	44–59	(Ref.)
	60–74	0.32 [− 0.19, 0.84]	0.219	0.20 [− 0.30, 0.69]	0.437
	75–89	0.72 [0.16, 1.27]	0.011	0.47 [− 0.07, 1.02]	0.089
	≥ 90	0.67 [− 0.09, 1.43]	0.085	0.33 [− 0.44, 1.09]	0.402
Education	< HS grad.	(Ref.)
	HS grad.	0.50 [− 0.10, 1.09]	0.103
	College graduate	0.62 [0.00, 1.23]	0.049
	Unknown	(Dropped)
Insurance	Medicare	(Ref.)
	Medicaid	0.28 [− 0.42, 0.97]	0.437
	Private	− 0.26 [− 0.73, 0.22]	0.284
	Other	− 0.32 [− 1.09, 0.45]	0.417
	Uninsured	− 2.23 [− 4.83, 0.37]	0.093
Primary DX	Malignant Tumor	− 0.12 [− 0.46, 0.23]	0.502	0.03 [− 0.36, 0.41]	0.881
	Other	(Ref.)
Enrolled	No	(Ref.)
In hospice	Yes	0.60 [0.25, 0.95]	0.001	0.66 [0.28, 1.04]	0.001
	Unknown	(Dropped)
AKPS		0.02 [0.01, 0.03]	0.007	0.02 [0.01, 0.04]	0.001
CCI		− 0.07 [− 0.13, − 0.01]	0.032	− 0.05 [− 0.11, 0.02]	0.147

Quality of life was assessed using the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (MQOL), with 19% of MQOL scores requiring imputed data for at most two (out of four) subscales if at least half but not all questions were answered

AKPS, Australia-Modified Karnofsky Performance Status; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index