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. 2019 Mar 27;9:71. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00071

Figure 2.

Figure 2

LlTGF-β gene expression in sand flies. (A) L. longipalpis development stages: egg (E), larval stages (L1, L2, L3, L4), pupae (P), adult female (F), and male (M). (B) L. longipalpis fed on sucrose (S) are represented by white bar. Flies collected at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post blood meal are represented by gray bars or after feeding on infective blood represented by black bars. (C) LlTGF-β expression in gut and carcass 72 h after ingestion of blood without (gray bars) or with (black bars) Leishmania. Gene expression by semi-quantitative PCR was calculated relative to histone or RP49 L. longipalpis reference genes. (D) ELISA for detection of LlTGF-β protein 72 h after blood or infective meal. Bars represent mean with standard error of 3 replicates. Significant differences were evaluated by t-test and Mann-Whitney post-test (*p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001).