Figure 1.

Experimental design and timeline. A, Simplified diagram of Rheb^CA-induced mTORC1 activation. Rheb is a small GTPase upstream of mTORC1. GTP-bound Rheb directly binds to and activates mTORC1. The constitutively active mutant form of Rheb, Rheb^CA, selects for the GTP-bound form, thereby leading to persistent activation of mTORC1. B, Timeline for experiments. Mice were electroporated with GFP (control) or varying concentrations of GFP ⁺ Rheb^CA plasmids at E15, targeting L2/3 neurons in the cortex. Pups were screened for successful electroporation via GFP expression at P0. Mice were monitored with video-EEG recording for 5–7 consecutive days at 2–4 months of age and afterward euthanized for histological and immunohistochemical analysis.