Table 5.
Comparison of microbiological/clinical parameters related to periodontitis between highest quartile of NGAL and others.
| NGAL/Cre (μg/g) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Others | Highest quartile | P value | |
| Number of subjects | 81 | 27 | |
| Age (years) | 49.5 ± 8.5 | 51.9 ± 8.6 | 0.198 |
| Smoking status (pack-years) | 11.6 ± 16.5 | 11.3 ± 17.7 | 0.987 |
| BMI | 23.6 ± 2.9 | 23.0 ± 2.7 | 0.307 |
| eGFR | 80.9 ± 13.1 | 82.9 ± 13.0 | 0.510 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.5 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 0.169 |
| Subgingival plaque (copy) | |||
| P. gingivalis | 2.3E + 5 ± 6.5E + 5 | 7.6E + 5 ± 2.0E + 6 | 0.018∗ |
| P. intermedia | 6.6E + 4 ± 1.5E + 5 | 1.9E + 5 ± 5.9E + 5 | 0.514 |
| A. actinomycetemcomitans | 1.8E + 3 ± 9.9E + 3 | 3.0E + 2 ± 1.5E + 3 | 0.617 |
| Total bacteria | 2.7E + 7 ± 4.3E + 7 | 4.4E + 7 ± 9.0E + 7 | 0.199 |
| Antibody titer (unit) | |||
| P. gingivalis | 9.2 ± 12.3 | 6.8 ± 6.3 | 0.796 |
| P. intermedia | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0.1 ± 0.5 | 0.305 |
| A. actinomycetemcomitans | 0.6 ± 1.4 | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.607 |
| Parameters related to periodontitis | |||
| O'Leary's PCR (%) | 45.7 ± 22.9 | 50.9 ± 21.9 | 0.354 |
| BOP (%) | 14.8 ± 14.2 | 13.9 ± 13.5 | 0.777 |
| Mean PD (mm) | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 0.500 |
| PD ≥ 4 mm (number of sites) | 17.4 ± 24.2 | 17.1 ± 16.1 | 0.548 |
| PD 4, 5 mm (number of sites) | 14.2 ± 17.2 | 14.2 ± 13.9 | 0.784 |
| PD ≥ 6 mm (number of sites) | 3.2 ± 8.6 | 2.9 ± 3.8 | 0.106 |
| Mean CAL (mm) | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 0.640 |
| CAL ≥ 4 mm (number of sites) | 27.5 ± 27.6 | 31.8 ± 20.5 | 0.093 |
| CAL 4, 5 mm (number of sites) | 23 .0 ± 20.5 | 26.2 ± 16.3 | 0.151 |
| CAL ≥ 6 mm (number of sites) | 4.5 ± 10.2 | 5.7 ± 6.4 | 0.041∗ |
Results are shown as mean ± SD. Age, BMI, and eGFR: unpaired t-test. Other parameters: Mann–Whitney U test. Statistical significance is indicated by ∗P < 0.05. NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; Cre, creatinine; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1C, hemoglobin A1C (NGSP); P. gingivalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis; P. intermedia, Prevotella intermedia; A. actinomycetemcomitans, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; O'Leary's PCR, O'Leary's plaque control record; BOP, bleeding on probing; PD, probing depth; CAL, clinical attachment level.