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. 2019 Apr;189(4):797–812. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.12.016

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Activation of p65/p50 canonical pathway by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice enterocytes and effect of NF-κB inhibitors on LPS-induced increase in mouse intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability. A: LPS i.p. injections (0.1 mg/kg body weight) in mice caused activation of canonical p65/p50 pathway, as assessed by degradation of inhibitory κ B (IκB)-α protein expression on day 3 in mice enterocytes. Densitometry of IκB-α protein levels. B: The immunoblot analysis from LPS-treated mice enterocytes revealed significant increase in nuclear p65 protein expression on day 3 compared with untreated mice enterocytes. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and Lamin B were used as loading controls for cytoplasmic (cyto) and nuclear (nuc) fractions, respectively C: Confocal immunofluorescence of mouse intestines treated with LPS (0.1 mg/kg body weight) on day 3 indicated p65 (red) (arrowheads) translocation to the nucleus (blue) compared with control (C) mouse enterocytes. D: NF-κB inhibitor, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC; 10 mg/kg body weight), and Bay-11 (5 mg/kg body weight) pretreatment prevented the LPS-induced increase in 10K dextran flux. PDTC and Bay-11 were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and injected 1 hour before LPS treatment. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. n = 4 experiments (A and C); n = 3 experiments (B). ∗∗P < 0.01 versus control vehicle; ††P < 0.01 versus LPS. Scale bars = 5 μm.