Table 1.

Time-Course Effect of LPS (0.3 ng/mL) on Mucosal-to-Serosal Flux of Paracellular Probe Inulin in Filter-Grown Caco-2 Monolayers

Time, days	Relative inulin flux/cm2 per minute
0	1.00 ± 0.021
1	0.9574 ± 0.0524
2	0.8033 ± 0.0628
3	1.5423 ± 0.1.256
4	4.123 ± 0.6597∗
5	5.627 ± 1.752∗

Adapted from Nighot et al¹⁹ with permission from Elsevier. Inulin was measured over a 5-day experimental period of basolateral exposure of Caco-2 monolayers to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).19, 24, 25 LPS caused a time-dependent increase in Caco-2 tight junction permeability, starting at days 3 to 4 after LPS exposure (n = 6). Data are expressed as means ± SEM.

^∗P < 0.01 versus control untreated.