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. 2019 Apr 2;16:69. doi: 10.1186/s12974-019-1455-y

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Hepatic TGFβ1 is increased during AOM-induced HE. a Immunofluorescence for TGFβ1 (green) and CK8 (red) in mice injected with saline. Scale bar indicates 50 μM. b Relative TGFβ1 mRNA expression in the livers from vehicle- and AOM-treated mice. c Concentration of active TGFβ1 levels in liver homogenates normalized by total protein concentration in vehicle and AOM-treated mice. d Serum active TGFβ1 concentration measured in picograms per milliliter of serum from vehicle and AOM-treated time course mice. *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle-treated mice. n = 3 for TGFβ1 mRNA analyses and n = 4 for ELISA analyses