Fig. (4).
Per-1 suppresses HIV-1 transcripts in MDMs. (A) THP-1 cells were stimulated with PHA for 2 days and then transduced with shRNA against Per-1 or a control. After puromycin selection for 3 days, the cells were treated with VLP-Vpx and infected with HIV-1NL4.3.Luc for 2 days and lysed to measure the luciferase reporter levels. Genomic DNA and total RNA were extracted to assess HIV-1 integration by Alu-PCR and viral Gag and Per-1 transcripts by qPCR, normalized to GAPDH. (B) MDMs were transduced with shRNA against Per-1 or a control. After puromycin selection, the cells were treated with VLP-Vpx and infected with HIV-1NL4.3.Luc for 2 days and then lysed to measure the luciferase reporter levels. Genomic DNA and total RNA were extracted to assess HIV-1 integration by Alu-PCR and viral Gag and Per-1 transcripts by qPCR, normalized to GAPDH. RLU, relative luminescence units. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (Student's t-test). NS, not significant. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments.