Table 3.

Comparison of biochemical and hormonal profiles between urban and rural children among different age groups

Variables	Age (years)	Male (n=179)			Female (n=254)
		Rural (mean±SD)	Urban (mean±SD)	P	Rural (mean±SD)	Urban (mean±SD)	P
Corrected Ca (mg/dl)	8-9.99	8.56±0.14	9.12±0.31	0.39	9.02±0.18	9.08±0.38	0.98
	10-11.99	8.95±0.10	8.49±0.38	0.41	8.56±0.10	8.98±0.45	0.39
	12-13.99	8.67±0.09	8.70±0.43	0.28	8.80±0.08	9.63±0.76	0.84
	14-14.99	8.80±0.11	8.44±0.11	0.84	8.91±0.12	8.97±0.10	0.46
Phosphorus (mg/dl)	8-9.99	3.81±0.07	3.17±0.11	0.34	3.90±0.07	3.74±0.12	0.76
	10-11.99	3.72±0.07	3.05±0.18	0.5	3.92±0.07	3.28±0.40	0.86
	12-13.99	3.67±0.08	3.76±0.24	0.62	3.68±0.07	3.96±0.33	0.35
	14-14.99	3.54±0.09	3.81±0.09	0.13	4.69±0.95	4.01±0.09	0.59
Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)	8-9.99	362.7±35.8	357±77	0.98	328.08±28.4	411.14±55.5	0.25
	10-11.99	393.3±20.1	593±50.6	0.49	427.6±22.2	571.4±42.2	0.66
	12-13.99	384.9±16.2	512.6±118.9	0.33	387.6±16	368.6±78.7	0.6
	14-14.99	389.2±19.5	312.7±21.3	0.46	391.1±17.8	302.1±16.3	0.42
Vitamin D (ng/ml)	8-9.99	36.92±2.21	38.26±3.20	0.22	37.28±2.05	36.32±3.74	0.67
	10-11.99	36.55±1.93	36.32±3.31	0.38	35.38±1.75	34.51±2.59	0.98
	12-13.99	35.24±1.25	36.37±6.38	0.91	42.97±1.55	41.08±19.9	0.86
	14-14.99	36.20±1.26	35.74±2.25	0.59	43.00±1.37	42.42±1.91	0.78
PTH (pg/ml)	8-9.99	28.76±2.17	26.58±2.31	0.001	24.38±1.52	22.28±3.58	0.006*
	10-11.99	26.70±1.69	22.42±3.18	0.008	25.23±2.10	19.37±2.26	<0.001*
	12-13.99	26.28±1.84	20.23±3.04	0.007	26.58±1.69	34.12±17.1	<0.001*
	14-14.99	25.81±1.79	20.64±2.27	<0.001	25.72±2.27	21.21±1.11	<0.001*
Sun exposure (%)	8-9.99	26±1.2	28±1	0.09	27±1	24±2	<0.001*
	10-11.99	22±0.9	22±1	0.98	21±0.8	22±1	0.78
	12-13.99	23±0.7	19±1	<0.001*	22±0.7	17±2	<0.001*
	14-14.99	22±0.8	22±8	0.02*	21±0.9	22±0.7	0.39

Data are presented as mean±SD for each variable. *P<0.05 was considered significant. BMI: Body mass index, 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxy vitamin D, PTH: Parathyroid hormone, SD: Standard deviation