Figure 4.

Striga infection induces the expression of phenylpropanoid pathway genes. Expression of OsPAL1 (A), Os4CL3 (B), OsF5H1 (C), OsCAD2 (D), and OsCOMT (E) in the Striga-infected roots of Nipponbare (closed circles) and Koshihikari (closed triangles) at 0, 1, 3, and 7 dpi. Three biological and three technical replicates each containing a pool of roots from at least five plants were analyzed. Values represent mean ± SE. Gene expression was normalized using Oscyclophilin. Letters indicate statistically significant differences (Student’s t test, P < 0.05) from 0 dpi. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant differences (Student’s t test, P < 0.05) among rice cultivars. Nb, Nipponbare; Ko, Koshihikari.