. 2019 Mar 5;3(4):801–813. doi: 10.1210/js.2018-00271

Table 1.

Characteristics of the Elderly Patients With Diabetes Stratified by Sarcopenia

	All Cases	Nonsarcopenia	Sarcopenia	P Values
	(N = 108)	(N = 70)	(N = 38)	P Values
Age, y	76.2 ± 7.3	74.2 ± 7.0	79.8 ± 6.7	<0.001^a
Male, n (%)	47 (43.5)	34 (48.6)	13 (34.2)	0.162^b
Duration of T2DM, y	14.3 ± 12.1	12.5 ± 10.6	17.7 ± 14.1	0.054^a
Body weight, kg	57.4 ± 11.1	61.8 ± 9.6	49.1 ± 8.5	<0.001^a
BMI, kg/m²	23.7 ± 3.6	24.9 ± 3.2	21.4 ± 3.0	<0.001^a
SBP, mm Hg	135.8 ± 18.9	137.4 ± 18.3	133.0 ± 19.8	0.248^a
DBP, mm Hg	72.9 ± 11.0	75.5 ± 10.5	68.3 ± 10.3	<0.001^a
RBCs, ×10⁴/μL	422 ± 53	434 ± 52	400 ± 46	<0.001^a
Hb, g/dL	12.9 ± 1.6	13.4 ± 1.6	12.1 ± 1.4	<0.001^a
Albumin, g/dL	4.08 ± 0.36	4.11 ± 0.32	4.02 ± 0.41	0.197^a
AST, IU/L	24.9 ± 9.9	25.7 ± 10.2	23.4 ± 9.3	0.253^a
ALT, IU/L	17.0 [12.8–26.3]	18.0 [13.0–30.8]	14.0 [10.3–21.0]	0.016^c
HbA1c, %	7.01 ± 0.83	7.06 ± 0.86	6.93 ± 0.78	0.432^a
Serum creatinine, mg/dL	0.70 [0.60–0.91]	0.70 [0.60–0.90]	0.72 [0.53–0.91]	0.413^c
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²	61.4 ± 18.9	61.2 ± 17.2	61.7 ± 16.4	0.885^a
Uric acid, mg/dL	5.19 ± 1.33	5.18 ± 1.24	5.19 ± 1.48	0.980^a
Triglycerides, mg/dL	137 ± 67	144 ± 71	124 ± 57	0.140^a
LDL-C, mg/dL	102 ± 31	106 ± 31	95 ± 32	0.093^a
HDL-C, mg/dL	54.0 ± 13.8	52.7 ± 12.6	56.6 ± 15.6	0.162^a
Calcium, mg/dL	9.28 ± 0.34	9.25 ± 0.33	9.33 ± 0.36	0.206^a
DHEA-S, μg/dL	59.5 [40.5–90.8]	71.5 [48.3–106.0]	45.0 [32.0–60.8]	<0.001^c
Cortisol, μg/dL	9.32 ± 2.78	8.76 ± 2.67	10.33 ± 2.74	0.005^a
Ratio cortisol/DHEA-S	0.15 [0.09–0.24]	0.11 [0.09–0.18]	0.22 [0.16–0.30]	0.004^c
MMSE	25.0 ± 5.2	25.7 ± 5.76	23.8 ± 4.5	0.072^a
STFC, s	12.1 ± 5.3	11.3 ± 4.7	13.8 ± 6.1	0.024^a
Ratio two steps/height	1.07 ± 0.25	1.17 ± 0.23	0.91 ± 0.20	<0.001^a
ABI	1.08 ± 0.15	1.10 ± 0.12	1.04 ± 0.18	0.027^a
baPWV, cm/s	2101 ± 431	2056 ± 405	2182 ± 468	0.149^a
Vertebral YAM, %	83.9 ± 17.3	85.2 ± 18.2	81.6 ± 15.5	0.326^a
Walking speed, m/s	0.94 ± 0.41	1.05 ± 0.42	0.72 ± 0.31	<0.001^a
Grip, kg	21.4 ± 9.8	24.4 ± 10.1	15.8 ± 6.4	<0.001^a
SMI, kg/m²	6.27 ± 1.06	6.74 ± 0.88	5.39 ± 0.77	<0.001^a
Frailty, n (%)	32 (29.6)	16 (22.9)	16 (42.1)	0.048^b
Anti-HT drug use, n (%)	68 (63.0)	44 (62.9)	24 (63.2)	0.999^b
Anti-DL drug use, n (%)	58 (53.7)	37 (52.9)	21 (55.3)	0.842^b
Medications for T2DM
Insulin, n (%)	24 (22.2)	13 (18.6)	11 (28.9)	0.234^b
SU or glinide, n (%)	37 (34.4)	22 (31.4)	15 (39.5)	0.406^b
Others, n (%)	47 (43.5)	35 (50.0)	12 (31.6)	0.072^b

Data were expressed as means ± SD, medians [quartile 25% to 75% value], or numbers (%).

Abbreviations: AST, aspartate aminotransferase; baPWV, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; DL, dyslipidemia; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HT, hypertension; RBC, red blood cell; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SMI, skeletal mass index; STFC, standing time from chair; YAM, young adult mean.

^{^a}

P value determined by an unpaired t test.

^{^b}

P value determined by a Fisher exact test or Mann–Whitney test.

^{^c}

P value determined by a Fisher exact test.