Figure 6.

DNA Content (a), ALP activity (b), calcium content (c), mRNA expression level of osteogenic markers Runx2 (d), OC (e) and Col I (f) for the cortical scaffolds with hMSC/BMP2-NGs in the lumen and MSC+EFCF/VEGF-NGs on the outer surface and cultured in the perfusion bioreactor. Groups included cortical scaffolds with cells and with growth factors in static culture (G1, blue curve), scaffolds with cells but without growth factors in perfusion culture (G2, light blue curve), and scaffolds with cells and with growth factors in perfusion culture as the experimental group (G3, red). A star in the figures indicates a statistically significant difference between G3 and other groups. Error bars correspond to means ± 1 SD for n = 3