Table 1.

Data collection methods, goals, and participants by study phase

Data collection method	Goal of method	Number of participants
Phase 1: assessment of current landscape
Sample collection from bottles and hands	Estimate levels of fecal bacterial contamination in bottles and hands	48
Semi-structured questionnaire	Explore bottle-cleaning practices and barriers to optimal bottle hygiene	48
Phase 2: development of improved practices
Bottle-cleaning trial	Identify efficacious practices to promote during TIPs	NA (six replicates under controlled conditions)
Phase 3: TIPs
Semi-structured interviews	Assess feasibility and acceptability of improved practices	14

NA = not applicable; TIPs = trial of improved practices.