Table 2.
Serum cytokine levels in human subjects from VL-endemic area
| Groups | Active VL | Cured VL | C DTH + | C DTH− |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFN-γ | 90.3*† | 20.9 | 16.3 | 34.3 |
| 46.3–947.5 | 5.1–36.9 | 7.5–68.4 | 9.4–103.0 | |
| IL-2 | 25.0‡ | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.2 |
| 4.9–102.7 | 1.5–9.0† | 1.41–6.4 | 2.2–14.1 | |
| IL-6 | 20.8§ | 3.5 | 4.6 | 5,3 |
| 5.5–82.0 | 1.8–7.5 | 2.4–26.8 | 2.2–25.0 | |
| IL-7 | 1.2‖ | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.4 |
| 0.5–2.6 | 2.5–5.7 | 2.3–4.8 | 2.2–5.8 | |
| IL-10 | 13.2‖ | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 |
| 3.0–27.8 | 0.5–1.4 | 0.7–1.2 | 0.7–2.1 | |
| IL-12 p70 | 1.6‡ | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.7 |
| 0.5–12.8 | 0.4–1.1 | 0.4–0.7 | 0.4–1.4 | |
| GM-CSF | 248.1‡ | 24.5 | 46.3 | 85.7 |
| 56.4–448.6 | 7.9–58.8 | 20.8–457.2 | 22.8–175.6 |
C DTH = control delayed-type hypersensitivity; IL = Interleukin; VL = visceral leishmaniasis. Significant values are indicated in bold.
* Data (pg/mL) expressed as median, 25th and 75th percentiles.
† P < 0.05 (Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests) in relation to Cured VL and C DTH−.
‡ P < 0.05 (Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests) in relation to C DTH+.
§ P < 0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests) in relation to Cured VL.
‖ P < 0.05 (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests) in relation to Cured VL, C DTH+, and C DTH−.