Table 5.
Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production (mg/g DM) and molar ratio (%) of the three main VFA and branch chain fatty acid (BCFA) after 12 and 72 h of in vitro fermentation of different ingredients with fecal material collected from control sows or yeast fed sows1,2
| Total VFA | Acetic | Propionic | Butyric | BCFA | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substrate | Time, h | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Wheat | 12 | 197.6 | 284.1 | 62.5 | 67.6 | 22.4 | 19.4 | 14.1 | 10.7 | 1.0 | 2.3 |
| Barley | 185.7 | 215.6 | 62.3 | 67.0 | 24.0 | 20.6 | 12.2 | 10.0 | 1.5 | 2.4 | |
| Corn | 183.7 | 223.6 | 58.3 | 60.2 | 20.6 | 19.5 | 19.6 | 18.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | |
| Soybean meal | 176.0 | 233.3 | 64.0 | 63.4 | 27.8 | 27.8 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | |
| Canola | 150.2 | 159.4 | 71.4 | 73.1 | 22.2 | 20.3 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 1.1 | 2.0 | |
| Wheat DDGS | 133.1 | 134.7 | 67.0 | 69.5 | 23.2 | 21.4 | 9.3 | 8.1 | 0.5 | 1.1 | |
| Corn DDGS | 124.4 | 110.1 | 67.1 | 66.9 | 21.2 | 21.4 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 4.9 | 4.9 | |
| Wheat | 72 | 280.6 | 296.9 | 65.5 | 63.9 | 19.9 | 21.6 | 9.7 | 11.1 | 4.9 | 3.4 |
| Barley | 272.9 | 309.9 | 68.3 | 65.0 | 18.3 | 20.7 | 8.1 | 9.7 | 5.3 | 4.6 | |
| Corn | 358.0 | 446.3 | 61.8 | 64.6 | 21.6 | 19.0 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 4.2 | 3.5 | |
| Soybean meal | 394.6 | 405.9 | 64.4 | 67.4 | 23.5 | 21.0 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 5.2 | |
| Canola | 247.1 | 272.8 | 74.4 | 71.6 | 15.1 | 16.7 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 5.0 | 5.1 | |
| Wheat DDGS | 289.7 | 325.7 | 77.8 | 75.8 | 12.5 | 13.9 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 3.6 | 3.9 | |
| Corn DDGS | 436.5 | 434.6 | 79.6 | 75.7 | 10.4 | 12.7 | 5.8 | 7.0 | 4.2 | 4.5 | |
| SEM | 15.562 | 0.415 | 0.333 | 0.162 | 0.227 | ||||||
| P-values | |||||||||||
| Yeast | <.0001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.035 | 0.261 | ||||||
| Substrate | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||||
| Time | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||||
| Yeast × substrate | 0.044 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.129 | ||||||
| Yeast × time | 0.975 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||||
| Substrate × time | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||||
| Yeast × subs × time | 0.097 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.0003 |
1Data is from Study 2 when sows were fed diets with or without probiotic supplementation for 3 wk. No = yeast not added; Yes = yeast added.
2BCFA = branch chain fatty acid; DDGS = distillers dried grains with solubles.