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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2019 Feb;17(1):16–25. doi: 10.1007/s11914-019-00499-w

Figure 1: RAGE ligands signaling in bone cells: direct and indirect effects.

Figure 1:

Schematic illustration of the dose and bone cell-type specific effects of RAGE-ligand signaling in the skeleton. (A) Direct bone-cell type specific effects of low-dose/short-term and high-dose/chronic RAGE ligand exposure. (B) Indirect and paracrine-signaling bone microenvironment changes induced by RAGE ligand-signaling.