Table 1.
Demographic and anthropometric measures of the study group.
| Whole study group (n=115) |
Men (n=72) |
Women (n=43) |
P* | Night eaters (n=27) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethnicity | 10 AA, 42 W, 9 H, 47 NA, O 9 |
5 AA, 27 W, 6 H, 27 NA, 7 O |
5 AA, 13 W, 3 H, 20 NA, 2 O |
0.5 | 4 AA, 12 W, 1 H, 10 NA |
| Sex (F/M) | 43/72 | 72 | 43 | ||
| Age (years) | 34.9 ± 10.4 | 34.8 ± 10.7 | 34.5 ± 10.0 | 0.8 | 31.0 ± 10.5 |
| Body weight (kg) | 86.9 ± 20.6 | 89.0 ± 19.5 | 83.6 ± 22.1 | 0.1 | 82.3 ± 16.7 |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 30.1 ± 6.9 | 28.8 ± 6.1 | 32.2 ± 8.0 | 0.04 | 28.1 ± 6.7 |
| FFM (kg) | 59.8 ± 12.5 | 64.8 ± 10.5 | 50.5 ± 10.3 | <.0001 | 59.2 ± 9.1 |
| FM (kg) | 27.1 ± 12.2 | 23.9 ± 10.7 | 33.0 ± 12.9 | <0.001 | 23.1 ± 12.0 |
| Body fat (%) | 30.2 ± 8.9 | 25.8 ± 6.9 | 38.3 ± 6.8 | 0.0002 | 26.7 ± 10.6 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) |
93.1 ± 6.5 | 92.5 ± 7.4 | 95.8 ± 8.4 | 0.7 | 89.2 ± 5.9 |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dL) | 127.6 ± 29.2 | 121.5 ± 28.8 | 131.9 ± 27.5 | 0.07 | 124.7 ± 27.4 |
| Fasting GLP-1 pre (pg/mL)1 |
14.4 (12.9–16.0) | 15.4 (13.4–17.3) | 12.9 (10.3–15.5) | 0.1 | 13.27 (10.2–16.4) |
| Fasting GLP-1 post (pg/mL)2 |
16.8 (15.1–18.5) | 18.2 (15.9–20.5) | 14.6 (12.2–17.0) | 0.03 | 17.4 (14.7–20.1) |
| Fasting OGTT Insulin3 |
11.7 (9.8–13.7) | 11.6 (8.6–14.4) | 12.1 (9.9–14.2) | 0.8 | 9.5 (6.7–12.3) |
| Fasting insulin pre (mU/L)1 |
11.9 (9.9–13.8) | 11.5 (8.7–14.2) | 12.7 (10.3–15.0) | 0.3 | 10.0 (4.5–13.5) |
| Fasting insulin post (mU/L)2 |
15.7 (11.9–19.4) | 14.9 (11.2–18.7) | 17.1 (8.6–25.5) | 0.4 | 22.0 (6.5–37.7) |
Table 1. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, unless otherwise indicated. AA, African American; H, Hispanic; NA, Native American; W, white: O, other
*
P values are for differences between male/female groups as determined by Student t test.
1
Hormones concentration was measured in fasting state (530 AM) on day 7 before starting the day ad libitum vending machine paradigm (day 1 of ad libitum period).
2
Hormones concentration was measured in fasting state (530 AM) on day 10 (discharge day) after completion of 3-day ad libitum period.
3
Fasting insulin concentration was measured in fasting state during OGTT.
1,2,3
Data are log expressed with mean ± 95% confidence limits.