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. 2019 Feb 23;103(7):3025–3035. doi: 10.1007/s00253-019-09694-2

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© The Author(s) 2019

OpenAccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 3 — Cultivation parameters and cell growth for a hybrid FB/perfusion process for the poduction of influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) virus at high cell density. a Cell-specific perfusion rate, CSPR, (empty diamonds) and working volume, V_w (continuous line). b Viable cell density, VCD (squares); on-line viable cell volume, VCV (continuous line); off-line VCV (full diamonds) (for VCV calculations see “Materials and Methods” section), and viability (crosses). c Glucose (filled circles) and lactate (triangles) concentration. Time of infection, 0 h (vertical dashed line)