Table 4.

Dose–response relationship between ACEs and parenting stress and parenting practices (N = 81)

Scale	Percentile or average score increase resulting from each additional ACE	P value
Parenting Stress Index-Short Form
Total stress score	3.19	0.02*
Parental distress	2.45	0.05**
Parent–child dysfunctional interaction	1.76	0.26
Difficult child	3.69	0.03*
Positive Parenting Practices
Average score	-0.001	0.95

*Statistically significant at p < 0.05

**Statistically significant at p < 0.10