Table 4.

Linear regression analysis by generalized linear model (GLM): (A) Univariate and (B) multivariate (adjusted) analysis. Differences of the number of copies of integrated HIV-DNA among study groups were evaluated.

Groups	Primary outcome Mean ± SEM	Univariate analysis ARM (95% CI)	P	Multivariate analysis aAMR (95% CI)	P
HIV+	87.34 ± 22.36	0	—	0	—
HIV+/HCV−	136.20 ± 33.20	1.559 (0.780; 3.118)	0.209	2.514 (1.259; 5.022)	0.009
HIV+/HCV+	206.21 ± 47.38	2.361 (1.203; 4.634)	0.013	2.659 (1.273; 5.554)	0.009

Note: (a) Univariate analysis comparing HIV-1 DNA provirus vs HIV+/HCV− group or HIV+/HCV+ groups respectively. (b) Multivariate analysis comparing HIV-1 DNA provirus vs HIV+/HCV− group or HIV+/HCV+ groups respectively after adjustment by adjusted by age, gender, total CD4+ T cells, nadir CD4+ T cells, transmission route and time of infection. SEM: standard error of the mean; 95%CI: Confidence Interval; ARM: Arithmetic mean ratio; aARM: Adjusted arithmetic mean ratio.

Patients: ▪ HIV+ group: HIV-monoinfected patients that had never been in contact with HCV (negative PCR and HCV antibodies).

▪ HIV+/HCV− group: HIV patients who had been exposed to HCV but experienced spontaneous viral clearance during the first 6 months after HCV infection (negative PCR and positive HCV antibodies).

▪ HIV+/HCV+ group: patients with HIV and active HCV-chronic infection naïve to any HCV treatment (positive PCR and HCV antibodies).