Table 1.

Descriptive, M ±SD (n), and inferential analyses for the anthropometric variables.

	2002 to 2005	2012 to 2015	Mean difference [95% CI]	t-statistic	p	Cohen’s d [95% CI]
Body height (cm)
U13	151.4 ± 7.2 (684)	153.8 ± 7.6 (979)	2.4 [1.6; 3.1]	6.37	< 0.001	0.32 [0.22; 0.42]
U14	158.3 ± 8.6 (724)	160.5 ± 8.5 (929)	2.2 [1.4; 3.0]	5.21	< 0.001	0.26 [0.16; 0.36]
U15	169.6 ± 8.2 (590)	170.2 ± 7.9 (906)	0.7 [–0.2; 1.5]	1.54	0.123	0.08 [–0.02; 0.19]
U16	175.0 ± 6.4 (446)	174.8 ± 6.6 (774)	–0.2 [–1.0; 0.5]	–0.57	0.566	–0.03 [–0.15; 0.08]
U17	177.6 ± 5.9 (381)	177.4 ± 6.2 (521)	–0.2 [–1.0; 0.6]	–0.52	0.606	–0.03 [–0.17; 0.10]
U18	178.4 ± 5.7 (217)	179.1 ± 6.1 (319)	0.6 [–0.4; 1.6]	1.16	0.245	0.10 [–0.07; 0.28]
Body mass (kg)
U13	41.1 ± 6.5 (684)	42.3 ± 6.9 (979)	1.2 [0.6; 1.9]	3.61	< 0.001	0.18 [0.08; 0.28]
U14	47.0 ± 8.3 (724)	47.9 ± 8.2 (929)	0.9 [0.1; 1.7]	2.20	0.028	0.11 [0.01; 0.21]
U15	58.6 ± 9.6 (590)	58.0 ± 8.8 (906)	–0.6 [–1.6; 0.3]	–1.32	0.186	–0.07 [–0.17; 0.03]
U16	65.8 ± 7.9 (446)	64.0 ± 7.9 (774)	–1.7 [–2.6; -0.8]	–3.69	< 0.001	–0.22 [–0.34; -0.10]
U17	69.4 ± 7.2 (381)	68.3 ± 7.0 (521)	–1.1 [–2.1; -0.2]	–2.33	0.020	–0.16 [–0.29; -0.03]
U18	71.4 ± 6.7 (217)	71.3 ± 6.7 (319)	–0.1 [–1.3; 1.1]	–0.16	0.871	–0.01 [–0.19; 0.16]
Body mass index (kg m-2)
U13	17.8 ± 1.7 (684)	17.8 ± 1.7 (979)	0.0 [–0.2; 0.1]	–0.53	0.593	–0.03 [–0.12; 0.07]
U14	18.6 ± 1.9 (724)	18.5 ± 1.8 (929)	–0.1 [–0.3; 0.0]	–1.62	0.105	–0.08 [–0.18; 0.02]
U15	20.3 ± 2.0 (590)	19.9 ± 1.8 (906)	–0.4 [–0.6; -0.2]	–3.49	0.001	–0.19 [–0.29; -0.08]
U16	21.4 ± 1.7 (446)	20.9 ± 1.8 (774)	–0.5 [–0.7; -0.3]	–4.89	< 0.001	–0.29 [–0.41; -0.17]
U17	22.0 ± 1.6 (381)	21.7 ± 1.7 (521)	–0.3 [–0.5; -0.1]	–2.64	0.009	–0.18 [–0.31; -0.05]
U18	22.4 ± 1.6 (217)	22.2 ± 1.6 (319)	–0.2 [–0.4; 0.1]	–1.23	0.218	–0.11 [–0.28; 0.06]