Table 1.
The socio-demographic and clinical information for these 2 groups.
| Type 2 diabetes (n = 31) | Healthy controls (n = 30) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51.39 ± 8.12 | 49.97 ± 6.20 | 0.197 |
| Male/Female | 24/7 | 18/12 | 0.174 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.49 ± 2.69 | 25.55 ± 1.58 | 0.917 |
| Smoke (Never/Mild/Heavy) | 19/5/6 | 20/4/7 | 0.906 |
| Drink (Never/Mild/Heavy) | 23/3/4 | 23/3/5 | 0.954 |
| Education (years) | 12.84 ± 2.75 | 12.97 ± 2.93 | 0.857 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 126.50 ± 11.08 | 125.88 ± 12.36 | 0.836 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 79.17 ± 7.69 | 80.98 ± 10.19 | 0.435 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.44 ± 3.45 | 6.48 ± 1.07 | 0.004* |
| Postprandial glucose (mmol/L) | 11.7 ± 4.03 | 7.22 ± 0.54 | < 0.001* |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.45 ± 3.45 | 6.48 ± 1.07 | <0.001* |
| Urinary microalbumin (μg/min) | 49.32 ± 84.99 | 17.06 ± 13.26 | 0.044* |
| Duration of diabetes (months) | 65.1 ± 53.8 | – | |
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 2.45 ± 1.88 | 2.24 ± 1.24 | 0.611 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.38 ± 1.28 | 4.09 ± 0.67 | 0.282 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.62 ± 0.47 | 2.59 ± 0.52 | 0.817 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.04 ± 0.31 | 0.96 ± 0.18 | 0.226 |
Data were reported as mean ± SD, and significant differences were labeled with asteroids. In smoking habit, mild <20 cigarettes per day, and heavy ≥20 cigarettes per day. In drinking habit, mild < once a month, and heavy ≥ once a month.