Table 3.

Factors associated with choice among NOACs for incident NOAC users in 2013–2014 and 2015–2017Q1

	Dabigatran vs Apixaban		Rivaroxaban vs Apixaban
Characteristics	2013–2014 (n=7 394)	2015–2017Q1 (n=20 975)	2013–2014 (n=14 920)	2015–2017Q1 (n=30 162)
	Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
Age†
18–64 y	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
65–74 y	0.96 (0.84–1.09)	0.88 (0.78–1.00)	0.96 (0.87–1.06)	0.83 (0.78–0.89)
≥ 75 y	0.75 (0.65–0.85)	0.69 (0.61–0.78)	0.84 (0.76–0.92)	0.64 (0.60–0.69)
Sex†
Male	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Female	0.85 (0.76–0.94)	0.85 (0.77–0.94)	0.90 (0.84–0.98)	0.84 (0.80–0.89)
Race/ethnicity†
Non-Hispanic white	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Non-Hispanic black	0.94 (0.79–1.13)	0.79 (0.65–0.95)	0.88 (0.77–1.00)	0.87 (0.80–0.96)
Hispanic	0.98 (0.77–1.24)	1.18 (0.97–1.44)	1.04 (0.88–1.24)	1.19 (1.07–1.33)
Asian	1.48 (1.07–2.05)	1.41 (1.05–1.89)	1.18 (0.91–1.53)	1.18 (1.00–1.39)
Unknown	0.99 (0.76–1.28)	1.18 (0.92–1.50)	1.02 (0.84–1.23)	1.11 (0.98–1.26)
Education†
≤ High school	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Some college	1.03 (0.91–1.16)	0.99 (0.88–1.11)	1.06 (0.97–1.16)	1.01 (0.95–1.07)
≥ Bachelor degree	0.97 (0.81–1.16)	0.80 (0.66–0.96)	1.01 (0.88–1.15)	0.97 (0.89–1.06)
Unknown	1.10 (0.66–1.83)	0.71 (0.49–1.02)	1.09 (0.74–1.61)	1.00 (0.83–1.20)
Household net worth†
Low (< $250,000)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Medium ($250,000-$499,999)	0.90 (0.79–1.02)	0.88 (0.77–0.99)	1.01 (0.92–1.12)	1.04 (0.98–1.11)
High (≥ $500,000)	0.76 (0.66–0.88)	0.89 (0.77–1.03)	0.93 (0.83–1.03)	0.97 (0.90–1.04)
Unknown	0.92 (0.75–1.12)	1.06 (0.89–1.27)	0.90 (0.77–1.04)	1.03 (0.94–1.14)
Region of residence†
Northeast	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
Midwest	0.75 (0.64–0.87)	0.74 (0.64–0.86)	0.93 (0.82–1.04)	1.00 (0.93–1.08)
South	0.53 (0.46–0.61)	0.75 (0.66–0.86)	0.83 (0.74–0.93)	0.80 (0.75–0.86)
West	0.60 (0.50–0.72)	0.74 (0.62–0.90)	0.72 (0.62–0.83)	0.93 (0.85–1.03)
Charlson comorbidity index†
0–1	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
2–3	0.94 (0.83–1.06)	0.98 (0.88–1.10)	0.91 (0.84–1.00)	0.91 (0.86–0.96)
≥ 4	0.83 (0.72–0.96)	0.77 (0.67–0.88)	0.87 (0.78–0.96)	0.75 (0.70–0.80)
Prescriber specialty†
Cardiologist	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1 [Reference]	1 [Reference]
Primary care physician	2.02 (1.78–2.29)	0.97 (0.86–1.10)	1.68 (1.53–1.85)	1.26 (1.19–1.34)
Other/unknown	1.35 (1.19–1.53)	0.84 (0.75–0.94)	1.33 (1.22–1.46)	1.08 (1.03–1.15)
Calendar quarter†	0.61 (0.59–0.62)	0.98 (0.96–1.00)	0.75 (0.74–0.76)	0.93 (0.92–0.94)
CHA2DS2-VASc‡
0–1	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
2–3	0.75 (0.64–0.89)	1.04 (0.88–1.24)	0.82 (0.72–0.92)	0.84 (0.77–0.91)
≥ 4	0.64 (0.55–0.76)	0.77 (0.65–0.91)	0.67 (0.59–0.76)	0.62 (0.57–0.67)
HAS-BLED§
0–1	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
2	0.88 (0.76–1.01)	0.90 (0.78–1.03)	0.91 (0.82–1.02)	0.85 (0.79–0.92)
≥ 3	0.78 (0.68–0.90)	0.80 (0.70–0.92)	0.86 (0.77–0.96)	0.69 (0.64–0.74)

NOAC indicates non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant.

^†The results came from models that adjusted for all these variables and comorbidity components of CHA₂DS₂-VASc and HAS-BLED that were not already included in Charlson comorbidity index.

^‡The results came from models that adjusted for race/ethnicity, education, household net worth, region of residence, prescriber specialty, calendar quarter, and comorbidity components of Charlson comorbidity index and HAS-BLED that were not already included in CHA₂DS₂-VASc.

^§The results came from models that adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, education, household net worth, region of residence, prescriber specialty, calendar quarter, and comorbidity components of Charlson comorbidity index and CHA₂DS₂-VASc that were not already included in HAS-BLED.